
立法院預算中心第9次精算報告指出,公教退撫基金將於117年從黃燈轉為紅燈,永續指數僅47%,用罄年度提前至138年及134年,未達年改設定的30年財務安全目標,軍職退撫基金則維持綠燈。
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政府執行停砍年改,使年改節省經費挹注退撫基金的金額大幅減少。公教個人專戶制自112年7月1日起實施,新進人員不再加入原退撫基金,基金轉為封閉型制度。第9次精算結果顯示,公教退撫基金永續指數僅47%,將於117年轉為紅燈。
政府執行停砍年改,讓年改節省經費應挹注退撫基金的金額大幅減少,不僅如此,立法院預算中心報告指出,現行公教退撫基金維持用罄年度,較年改後首次精算報告提前,根據第9次精算結果,退撫基金117年將從「黃燈」轉為「紅燈」,且永續指數僅為47%,較上次精算均未出現紅燈,顯示基金財務永續出現下降趨勢。
預算中心報告指出,公教個人專戶制自112年7月1日,新進人員不再加入原退撫基金,基金轉為封閉型制度,政府依法分年編列預算撥補。而依114年的第9次精算結果,公教退撫基金提撥費率維持15%下,未計政府撥補之用罄年度分別為134年及131年,政府採20年撥補方案,以分別延後至138年及134年用罄為目標,每年撥補金額分別為123億元及83億元,合計206億元。
惟依現行撥補方案,公教退撫基金預估用罄年度較111年的第8次精算的140年及137年仍分別提前2年及3年,顯示基金財務永續目標已有惡化情形。個人專戶制所衍生財務缺口之撥補期間由主管機關原規劃10年延長至20年,在法定撥補具有優先順序下,亦將使後續現行退撫基金撥補及財務改善進程相應遞延。
按現行財務缺口依法由政府撥補後,在未採取其它政策調整或額外政府撥補情形下,公教退撫基金用罄年度預估分別將於138年及134年用罄,均已短於年改所設定確保基金30年不用罄財務安全目標。
依第9次精算報告永續指數及永續指標燈號,公教永續指標燈號分別於基準年度120年及117年出現紅燈,且永續指數皆僅為47%,不及5成,相較第8次精算報告均未出現紅燈情形,顯示基金財務永續程度已有下降趨勢。至於軍職人員退撫基金至121年永續指數為100%,維持綠燈。
預算中心表示,退休基金具有長期投資及複利累積特性,及早且足額撥補,可增加基金可運用資產規模,透過投資收益累積效果,降低潛藏負債成長壓力,並延緩基金收支失衡及用罄時程。

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