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Back中国发现侏罗纪不会飞鸟类杨源𬸚𬸦 颠覆鸟类早期演化传统认知
中国发现侏罗纪不会飞鸟类杨源𬸚𬸦 颠覆鸟类早期演化传统认知
Science
中国新闻网2 hours agoScience2 min readChinaView translation

中国发现侏罗纪不会飞鸟类杨源𬸚𬸦 颠覆鸟类早期演化传统认知

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中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所王敏团队与福建省地质科学研究院合作,在福建政和动物群发现侏罗纪晚期鸟类新种杨源𬸚𬸦化石,体重约821克,证实鸟类演化初期已出现地栖不飞生态特化,打破飞行单向演化假说,揭示鸟类起源阶段生态多样性爆发。

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Why It Matters

鸟类的起源和早期演化长期被认为以适应飞行为主,但福建政和动物群的最新化石发现挑战了这一传统认知。

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中新社北京10月15日电 (记者 孙自法)“鸟类的起源和早期演化始终以适应飞行为主”这一传统认知,最近被中国的化石新发现和中国科研团队的研究成果所打破。

福建政和动物群发现的一个侏罗纪晚期(约1.48亿年-1.5亿年前)鸟类新种化石——杨源𬸚𬸦,证实鸟类在演化伊始就已出现地栖、不具备飞行能力的生态特化,是目前已知最早的不具备飞行能力的鸟类,并显示出恐龙—鸟类形态特征组合。

这项鸟类演化研究的颠覆性突破,由中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所王敏团队与福建省地质科学研究院合作者共同完成,相关论文北京时间14日夜间在国际学术期刊《自然》上线发表。

杨源𬸚𬸦正型标本和骨骼复原图。(王敏供图)

论文通讯作者和共同第一作者王敏研究员介绍,本项研究在政和动物群核心化石点附近,发现一个新的侏罗纪鸟类化石,命名为杨源𬸚𬸦,也成为继奇异福建龙、政和八闽鸟、不虞政和鸟之后,研究团队在侏罗纪政和动物群的又一重要发现。

研究团队介绍,杨源𬸚𬸦体重约821克,呈现出头骨具有伤齿龙类的典型特征、形态又与原始鸟类相近等高度镶嵌演化的特征。

综合分析结果证明,杨源𬸚𬸦属于鸟类而非恐爪龙类,它与政和八闽鸟互为姐妹群,组成了新的早期鸟类分类单元政和鸟科。𬸚𬸦较同一时代的八闽鸟更原始,是已知最原始的鸟类之一。

生态习性探究也说明,杨源𬸚𬸦是一种不具备飞行能力却适应陆地奔跑生活的食肉性鸟类。

研究团队表示,杨源𬸚𬸦的发现填补了鸟类演化历程中关键的时空演化空白。作为目前已知最早的不具备飞行能力的鸟类,𬸚𬸦的出现打破飞行的单向演化假说,证明鸟类身体结构的演化并非沿着“优化飞行”这一单一路径线性前进,而是一个伴随着快速生态位探索的复杂过程。

政和动物群迄今已发现适应奔跑的奇异福建龙、具有尾综骨的政和八闽鸟、尾巴缩短和体型娇小的不虞政和鸟,最新研究又发现前肢缩短、适应地栖的杨源𬸚𬸦。“这表明在鸟类的起源阶段,就已经爆发出丰富的生态多样性。政和动物群恰似一部超高分辨率的时空相机,记录了这些关键演化瞬间。”王敏说。(完)

Open Questions

  • 杨源𬸚𬸦的具体饮食结构是什么?
  • 该物种在政和动物群中的生态位如何与其他早期鸟类互动?
  • 是否还有更早的不飞鸟类化石待发现?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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