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Back脂肪肝竟有5種亞型!研究揭部分患者肝病惡化風險更高
脂肪肝竟有5種亞型!研究揭部分患者肝病惡化風險更高
Health
自由时报6 hours agoHealth2 min readChinaView translation

脂肪肝竟有5種亞型!研究揭部分患者肝病惡化風險更高

美國梅約診所研究團隊分析逾4600名患者的基因與臨床資料,辨識出5種脂肪肝亞型,部分與較高嚴重肝損傷風險相關。

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美國梅約診所與維吉尼亞理工大學團隊分析逾4600名患者資料,辨識出5種代謝功能障礙相關脂肪性肝病亞型。部分亞型具較高嚴重肝損傷風險,且不受傳統肥胖或糖尿病等風險限制,有助未來精準醫療發展。

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Why It Matters

美國梅約診所與維吉尼亞理工大學合作研究分析超過4600名患者的基因與臨床資料,找出5種代謝功能障礙相關脂肪性肝病亞型。

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正常肝臟與脂肪肝的組織及外觀對照示意圖。美國梅約診所研究團隊分析逾4600名患者的基因與臨床資料,辨識出5種脂肪肝亞型。(圖取自Mayo Clinic)

脂肪肝不一定是同一種病程!美國研究團隊分析超過4600名患者的基因與臨床資料,辨識出5種具有不同生物特徵的代謝功能障礙相關脂肪性肝病(MASLD)亞型,其中部分與較高的嚴重肝損傷風險相關,即使患者沒有典型的肥胖、糖尿病等代謝風險,也可能出現病情進展。

這項由美國梅約診所(Mayo Clinic)與維吉尼亞理工大學(Virginia Tech)合作進行的研究,9月發表於《自然通訊》(Nature Communications)。研究人員將基因定序結果與病歷資料交叉分析,納入肝臟酵素、身體質量指數(BMI)、血脂及其他疾病資訊,找出5種不同的患者群組。

同樣是脂肪肝 病程風險可能不同

脂肪肝是肝臟累積過多脂肪所致,許多患者早期沒有明顯症狀,可能多年未察覺。部分患者的病情會進展為肝臟發炎、纖維化,嚴重時可能發展成肝硬化,甚至肝癌或需要肝臟移植。

研究發現,這些患者的差異不只在代謝健康狀況,也與遺傳特徵有關。部分亞型與肥胖、糖尿病等代謝因素關係較密切,另一些則呈現不同的遺傳特徵,並與較高的嚴重肝損傷風險相關。這表示,單靠傳統風險因素,可能無法完整辨識所有高風險患者。

研究團隊也發現,特定亞型與憂鬱症、睡眠呼吸中止症及偏頭痛等疾病存在關聯,但目前不能據此認定脂肪肝會直接造成這些問題。

研究人員希望進一步在規模更大、組成更多元的患者群體中驗證結果,並釐清不同亞型對現有治療的反應是否有所差異。未來研究也將評估包括GLP-1受體促效劑(俗稱瘦瘦針)在內的藥物,是否對不同患者群組具有不同效果。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 進一步在規模更大、組成更多元的患者群體中驗證結果

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 不同亞型對現有治療的反應是否有所差異?
  • GLP-1受體促效劑對各亞型的效果為何?

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