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Back真的不妙?標普500驚見43年罕見警訊 歷史6次有5次出事
真的不妙?標普500驚見43年罕見警訊  歷史6次有5次出事
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自由时报12 minutes agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

真的不妙?標普500驚見43年罕見警訊 歷史6次有5次出事

AI投資熱潮降溫疑慮加劇,市場研究機構警告歷史數據顯示未來一年波動風險增加

Quick Look

標普500指數預期本益比一年內下滑4.4點,創43年罕見紀錄。Ned Davis Research指出,歷史上6次類似案例中有5次伴隨經濟衰退或熊市,且未來一年指數最大回檔中位數約18%,顯示美股後市波動加劇。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

標普500預期本益比自去年23.2倍降至18.8倍,跌幅達4.4點。此現象自1983年以來僅發生過6次。

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股市震盪加劇,投資人應審慎操作。

AI投資熱潮出現降溫疑慮,美國科技股近期波動加劇,部分AI概念股遭投資人拋售,市場開始擔憂龐大投資能否帶來預期報酬。如今標普500指數又亮起43年來罕見警訊,預期本益比一年內大幅下滑4.4點,歷史6次類似案例中,有5次伴隨經濟衰退或熊市,且訊號出現後一年,指數最大回檔幅度中位數約18%,美股後市恐面臨更大考驗。

《Business Insider》報導,市場研究機構Ned Davis Research(NDR)指出,標普500指數預期本益比出現罕見大幅下滑。NDR美國首席策略師Ed Clissold在週三發布的報告中指出,標普500指數的預期本益比截至今年10月底的一年內下跌4.4點,目前降至18.8倍,遠低於去年的23.2倍。

Clissold表示,這種幅度的下滑相當罕見,自1983年以來僅發生過6次。在這些案例中,有5次標普500指數處於「回聲熊市」(Echo Bear Market),也就是前一次經濟衰退結束後幾年內再度出現的熊市,或者美國經濟當時已經陷入衰退。

過去案例包括2001年網路泡沫破裂期間,以及2008年金融海嘯期間,當時美國經濟都已陷入衰退;2022年則處於經濟擴張初期,但股市仍出現熊市。唯一例外是1988年的案例,當時美國經濟仍在擴張,不過約23個月後便進入下一次衰退。

值得注意的是,預期本益比大幅下滑後,股市往往伴隨劇烈震盪。雖然過去6次案例中,有5次標普500指數在接下來一年仍然上漲,但期間最大回檔幅度中位數約18%,代表即使最後收漲,投資人仍可能經歷不小的帳面損失。

NDR策略師Clissold指出,今年情況相當特殊,投資人已開始下修對AI熱潮持續發展的預期,進而壓低標普500指數預期本益比,跌幅甚至達到過去通常只有在經濟衰退或熊市期間才會出現的程度。他表示,如果明年企業獲利成長放緩,目前市場的懷疑態度或許能緩衝部分衝擊;但若AI產業降溫進一步引發經濟衰退,近期本益比下滑恐怕仍無法避免股市大幅回檔。

這項警訊也出現在AI投資前景備受關注之際。美國期中選舉前幾週,科技股波動異常劇烈,選舉結果出爐後,投資人週三持續拋售部分科技股。市場擔憂,民主黨議員可能阻礙資料中心建設,而資料中心正是大型雲端服務業者目前最重要的投資方向之一。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美股未來一年內恐面臨約18%的最大回檔幅度。

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • AI產業獲利成長是否能如預期般持續?
  • 美國經濟是否會因科技投資放緩而進入衰退?

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