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Back美国国会议员要求黄仁勋和商务部长卢特尼克接受问询
美国国会议员要求黄仁勋和商务部长卢特尼克接受问询
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德国之声21 minutes agoBusiness6 min readChinaView translation

美国国会议员要求黄仁勋和商务部长卢特尼克接受问询

黄仁勋因涉嫌与中国间谍关联及芯片出口管制问题面临美国国会质询,英伟达股价大幅波动

Quick Look

英伟达CEO黄仁勋因涉嫌与中国间谍黄乐关联及芯片违规出口问题辞职。美国国会要求其出席听证会,特朗普政府面临质询。英伟达股价近期大幅下跌,市值蒸发约1.8万亿美元,公司正寻找继任者。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

黄仁勋被指与涉嫌中国间谍黄乐有婚外情,且英伟达芯片被指违规流入中国。英伟达是全球AI算力核心供应商。

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(德国之声中文网)美国共和党参议员蒂姆·斯科特(Tim Scott)周四(11月12日)在社交平台X上写道:“近期的报道引发了对美国国家安全以及敏感技术保护的严重关切。”他已要求黄仁勋和商务部长霍华德·卢特尼克(Howard Lutnick)于12月前往参议院银行委员会参加听证会。斯科特担任参议院银行委员会主席职务。

同为共和党人的约翰·肯尼迪在接受CNN采访时谈到乐黄仁勋和卢特尼克可能将面对的问题:“他们为什么要出售这些芯片?他们追踪过芯片的来源吗?他们怎么知道这些芯片最终流向了公司而不是中共?”

美国众议院的外交事务委员会、中国问题特设委员会以及常设情报特别委员会也要求现年63岁的黄仁勋12月1日接受带有逐字记录的闭门访谈,并表示若其拒绝,将发出传票。

民主党议员要特朗普政府做出解释

包括参议院民主党领袖查克·舒默(Chuck Schumer)在内的重要的美国议员周四要求特朗普政府解释其对黄仁勋与一名涉嫌中国间谍之间的关联,究竟掌握多少情况。

美国新闻网站Axios11月11日引述知情人士说法报道,11月5日,财政部长贝森特(Scott Bessent)在白宫战情室举行的高层会议上曾当面质问卢特尼克,为何未将涉嫌转运美国芯片至中国的Megaspeed列入构成国家安全隐患的“实体黑名单”以及为何商务部一直阻挠实施出口管制措施。

黄仁勋此前被报道与名叫黄乐(Alice Huang)的涉嫌中国间谍有婚外情。黄乐曾任英伟达合作伙伴、在新加坡注册的超速公司(Megaspeed)高管。据《纽约时报》等媒体报道,Megaspeed近年来购买了价值约40亿美元的英伟达芯片。中国政府已否认黄乐是间谍,称有关报道斥为“纯属捕风捉影”和“污蔑抹黑”。

新加坡、马来西亚的调查

新加坡周四表示,已禁止中国公民黄乐在2月份再次入境新加坡,原因是她向调查人员提供了有关她在 Megaspeed 的角色的不准确信息,不过她并未因间谍活动受到调查。新加坡内政部表示,在调查Megaspeed公司期间,曾多次向美国司法部及联邦调查局(FBI)寻求有关某家美国服务器供应商的信息,但“所获信息或协助十分有限”。

周四,马来西亚表示,正在调查 Megaspeed International 的一家子公司,调查其先进人工智能芯片可能转移到其他国家的情况。

特朗普:他在经历地狱般的煎熬

当周四被问及黄仁勋是否应该下台时,特朗普表示这要视情况而定。他说:“如果这名女子是间谍,是的。如果这名女子不是间谍,也许情况会有所不同,”特朗普表示,他相信黄会“最终站起来”,并补充道:“我昨天和他通了话,他正经历地狱般的煎熬。他感觉最糟糕的是对他的妻子和家人造成的伤害。这是他亲口告诉我的。”

继任会是谁?

黄仁勋辞职后,特朗普在社交媒体上公开点名刚刚卸任苹果CEO的蒂姆·库克(Tim Cook),称他是接替黄仁勋掌管英伟达的“唯一人选”,并形容这将是“传奇接替传奇”。

黄仁勋辞职后,英伟达首席财务官科莱特·克雷斯 (Colette Kress) 接任临时首席执行官。英伟达董事会将在内部和外部候选人中寻找正式继任者。分析师认为,芯片行业的其他高管也是潜在候选人。其中包括英特尔竞争对手AMD的首席执行官苏姿丰 (Lisa Su),以及芯片设计巨头Arm的首席执行官雷内·哈斯 (Rene Haas)。Arm的技术几乎应用于所有智能手机和平板电脑。据媒体报道,苹果公司高管约翰尼·斯鲁吉 (Johny Srouji) 也在考虑之列。他曾领导苹果公司自主研发芯片。然而,目前尚不清楚这些候选人中是否有人对此感兴趣。英伟达在过去30多年里从未更换过首席执行官,其管理结构也完全是为黄仁勋量身打造的:没有明确的“二号人物”,约有60位高管直接黄仁勋汇报。

英伟达股价震荡

英伟达成立于33年前,最初专注于电脑显卡。如今,英伟达也成长为驱动全球人工智能(AI)革命的核心基础设施供应商。其技术可以显著提高人工智能软件的训练效率。像 OpenAI、Anthropic 和 Google 这样的大型人工智能开发商,都用英伟达技术构建了数据中心。ChatGPT 等生成式AI的大爆发,背后几乎全部依赖英伟达的高性能算力集群进行训练与推理。英伟达是美股三大指数的超级权重股。更是美股投资者情绪与科技板块估值的风向标。黄仁勋辞职后,英伟达股价当天一度重挫14%,后跌幅收窄至4.34%。一个多月来,英伟达股价从10月6日收盘价 239.24 美元跌至11月12日收盘价166.19美元,市值累计蒸发约 1.8 万亿美元。

中方表态

11月13日,彭博社记者在中国外交部例行记者会上提问,“本社报道称,被禁止出口的英伟达AI芯片最终流入了上海的一座数据中心,该数据中心据报与Alice Huang(黄乐)有关联。请问外交部对此有何评论。第二个问题,美国国会议员和商务部正在加快推动新的芯片法案,目的是阻止中国公司远程使用美国在境外的算力。鉴于APEC会议即将召开,请问中方是否认为这些限制措施违反了中美的贸易休战?中方将如何回应?”

外交部发言人毛宁回答说:“你的第一个问题,我不了解有关情况。关于第二个问题,中方一贯反对滥用出口管制措施,扰乱全球产供链的稳定,这不符合任何一方的利益。中美双方应当共同落实好两国元首达成的重要共识,维护中美经贸关系稳定发展的态势。”

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美国国会将举行针对英伟达芯片出口的听证会

    Very likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 谁将正式接任英伟达CEO?
  • 美国政府是否会正式对英伟达实施更严厉的出口禁令?

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