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Back柴油出口量腰斬52% ! 伊朗、烏克蘭戰爭「誰影響更大」外媒揭答案
柴油出口量腰斬52% ! 伊朗、烏克蘭戰爭「誰影響更大」外媒揭答案
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自由时报1 hour agoEnergy2 min readChinaView translation

柴油出口量腰斬52% ! 伊朗、烏克蘭戰爭「誰影響更大」外媒揭答案

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伊朗與烏克蘭戰爭均衝擊全球柴油供應,但美伊戰爭因波斯灣成品油出口受阻導致中東柴油出口量驟降52%,影響更為直接;俄烏戰爭則透過煉油設施受損減少燃料生產,兩者衝擊環節不同,美伊戰爭對柴油供應的衝擊更為突出。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

伊朗與烏克蘭戰爭均衝擊全球能源市場,但影響柴油供應的路徑不同:美伊戰爭阻礙波斯灣成品油出口,俄烏戰爭則損害俄羅斯煉油設施與燃料供應鏈。

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兩場戰爭夾擊全球柴油市場 「哪一場」殺傷力更大?外媒揭關鍵差異。(彭博)

〔財經頻道/綜合報導〕伊朗戰爭與烏克蘭戰爭,究竟哪一場對全球柴油價格的影響更大?兩場戰爭都對能源市場造成衝擊,但影響柴油供應的方式卻不相同。最新分析指出,美伊戰爭對全球柴油供應的直接衝擊更為明顯,主要原因是波斯灣成品油出口受阻,即使近期原油運輸逐漸恢復,柴油出口量仍遠低於戰前水準。

據《BBC》報導,美伊戰爭爆發後,沙烏地阿拉伯、阿拉伯聯合大公國、科威特、巴林及阿曼的柴油出口量,已從2025年每日約140萬桶,降至2026年9月的每日約67萬桶,降幅高達52%。

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這項變化顯示,當前全球柴油市場面臨的問題,不只是國際原油價格上漲,更包括已經完成提煉、可直接供應市場的柴油數量大幅減少。中東原本就是全球重要的成品油供應中心,而荷莫茲海峽更是將當地燃料運往國際市場的關鍵航道。

報導指出,受到伊朗攻擊油輪,以及美國封鎖伊朗港口等因素影響,荷莫茲海峽的航運一度遭到嚴重干擾。不過,根據船舶追蹤公司的估計,過去一個月通過海峽的原油運輸量,已逐漸接近戰前水準。

其中,部分原油運輸恢復與美國海軍參與保護商船有關。然而,原油運輸改善,並不代表柴油等成品油出口同步恢復。目前中東柴油出口量仍明顯低於戰前,顯示燃料供應面臨的障礙尚未解除。

另一方面,俄烏戰爭同樣對全球柴油市場造成壓力,但影響方式有所不同。烏克蘭對俄羅斯煉油廠發動攻擊,導致部分煉油設施受損,進而減少燃料生產與出口。同時,針對俄羅斯能源供應的限制措施,也迫使原有貿易路線重新調整,讓燃料轉往其他市場流通。

兩場戰爭的主要差異,在於供應受阻的環節。俄烏戰爭主要透過煉油設施受損及俄羅斯燃料供應減少,影響國際柴油市場;美伊戰爭則直接干擾波斯灣成品油輸往全球市場的海上運輸路線。

因此,儘管兩場戰爭同時衝擊全球柴油貿易,但荷莫茲海峽的航運中斷,直接影響中東這個重要成品油出口地區。即使原油運輸已部分恢復,柴油出口的復甦仍相當有限,也使美伊戰爭對全球柴油供應的直接影響更加突出。

一手掌握經濟脈動 點我訂閱自由財經Youtube頻道

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 若荷莫茲海峽航運穩定,中東柴油出口量將在未來數月逐步回升

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 柴油出口量何時能恢復至戰前水準?
  • 美國海軍護航行動是否能持續穩定荷莫茲海峽航運?
  • 俄羅斯是否能透過替代路線彌補煉油損失?

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