
28歲實驗室員工死因不明引發地方隔離措施,俄羅斯官方說法不一,美國國務卿魯比歐表示正密切關注
美國正密切關注俄羅斯西伯利亞一間鼠疫研究機構人員死亡事件。28歲員工希皮洛娃病逝引發當地醫院與研究所隔離及預防措施,俄羅斯官方說法分歧,引發外界對實驗室意外感染的揣測。
AI-generated summary
鼠疫在西伯利亞與俄羅斯遠東部分地區為地方性流行病,人類感染病例極為罕見。俄國先前記錄的人類感染為2016年阿爾泰共和國男童。
美國國務卿魯比歐(Marco Rubio)表示,針對俄羅斯西伯利亞一間鼠疫研究機構通報發生意外,並導致一名實驗室人員於上週死亡的案件,美國正密切關注。
英國「衛報」報導,魯比歐5日在啟程前往歐洲訪問前表示:「我們正密切觀察與監控此事。我認為這還不到需要恐慌的程度,但確實值得關注並持續留意。」
28歲的希皮洛娃(Darya Shipilova)是伊爾庫次克市(Irkutsk)抗鼠疫研究所的員工,她在工作時感到身體不適,兩天後於10月2日晚間在鄰近城鎮謝列霍夫(Shelekhov)的一家地區醫院病逝。
目前尚不清楚她為何發病。俄羅斯媒體未經證實的報導指出,希皮洛娃可能是因實驗室發生意外而感染。官方尚未公開證實此說法。
當地媒體報導,該研究所隨後已被封鎖,員工被迫睡在地板和椅子上。一名親屬羅曼(Roman)告訴新聞門戶網站「西伯利亞真實」(Siberia.Realities):「他們從週五開始隔離所有人,人數超過60人。」
他表示,在建築物內部進行檢測期間,家屬獲准在檢查站放置食物。該市及周邊地區的幾家醫院也實施類似的隔離檢疫限制。
魯比歐引述俄方針對這起死亡事件發布的消息指出,似乎是一名實驗室員工遭到感染,令人擔憂的是疾病可能已在內部傳播,「顯然,美國與俄羅斯之間的旅行往來非常有限」,「但就像其他任何事情一樣,一旦這種情況外洩,它就會迅速傳播。」
俄羅斯高層官員發布彼此矛盾的訊息,加劇民眾的不安。與伊爾庫次克相鄰的布里亞特共和國(Buryatia)首長齊德諾夫(Alexey Tsydenov)最初發文稱,希皮洛娃死於鼠疫,隨後又修改貼文,稱她「可能」死於該疾病。
俄羅斯衛生監管機構「俄羅斯聯邦消費者權益保護暨福利監督署」(Rospotrebnadzor)表示,希皮洛娃死於「不明原因肺炎」,並堅稱檢測並未發現與其專業工作相關的微生物,並形容該地區的「衛生與流行病學」狀況穩定。
鄰近城市貝加爾斯克(Baikalsk)的當局曾一度敦促居民避免前往謝列霍夫及其周邊定居點,並稱接獲關於可能發生鼠疫感染的非官方資訊,但隨後從社群媒體上刪除該貼文。
儘管缺乏確診診斷,但整個地區似乎已採取預防措施。由美國資助的「自由歐洲電台/自由電台」(RFE/RL)5日報導,伊爾庫次克的多家醫院已被置於隔離狀態,希皮洛娃工作地點「西伯利亞與遠東伊爾庫次克抗鼠疫研究所」的員工,自10月2日起就被留置在研究所內。
在社群媒體上,當地居民描述了一些正在實施的預防措施。5日前往伊爾庫次克一家主要婦產科醫院進行例行檢查的加夫留妮娜(Ulyana Gavryunina)表示,醫生拒絕讓她母親進入,理由是因疑似鼠疫病例而實施隔離。工作人員檢查她是否有類似流感的症狀,並要求她填寫一份感染篩檢表,上面列有「鼠疫」選項。
在其他地方,位於謝列霍夫的伊爾庫次克煉鋁廠實施口罩強制令。該廠廠長佛米尼赫(Artyom Fominykh)聲稱此為預防措施,「有備無患」。週末期間,伊爾庫次克的多項公開活動皆被取消。
希皮洛娃之死引發聯邦高級衛生官員介入。聯邦消費者權益保護暨福利監督署署長兼國家首席衛生醫官波波娃(Anna Popova)2日前往伊爾庫次克,出席地區衛生與防疫委員會的緊急會議,討論官員所稱的「特別危險的傳染病」疑似病例。
伊爾庫次克州州長科布澤夫(Igor Kobzev)在與波波娃會面協調應對措施後,敦促居民保持冷靜。他在Telegram上寫道:「所有已確認的接觸者皆已接受醫學觀察。截至今日,無人出現疾病跡象,且實驗室檢測結果皆呈陰性。」但他並未提及有關實驗室人員死亡的報導。
在此事發生前,克里姆林宮長期以來一直提出毫無根據的指控,稱烏克蘭在華府支援下秘密進行生物武器研究。
聯邦眾議院軍事委員會資深成員、共和黨籍眾議員貝肯(Don Bacon)在社群媒體上寫道:「我記得曾聽到反烏克蘭陣營談論他們所謂的生物實驗室。那是俄羅斯資訊戰的最高境界。但現實情況是,擁有生物實驗室的是俄羅斯。」
鼠疫在西伯利亞與俄羅斯遠東的部分地區,仍是地方性流行病,這種細菌在野生囓齒動物及其跳蚤中自然留存,但人類感染病例極為罕見。在伊爾庫次克疑似病例發生前,俄國最後一次記錄在案的人類感染是在2016年,當時西伯利亞阿爾泰共和國(Altai Republic)的一名10歲男童,在協助屠宰旱獺後感染鼠疫。
英國瑞丁大學(University of Reading)病毒學教授瓊斯(Ian Jones)認為,這起事件似乎是罕見的實驗室意外,不太可能進一步擴大。雖然肺鼠疫確實可以直接傳染,但首例病患的接觸者都已掌握,若他們出現任何感染跡象,都可以接受治療。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
接觸者將持續接受醫學觀察與後續治療
Likely · Within days

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