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Back美国中期选举是否预示着全球右翼民粹主义正在衰落?
美国中期选举是否预示着全球右翼民粹主义正在衰落?
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德国之声21 minutes agoWorld3 min readChinaView translation

美国中期选举是否预示着全球右翼民粹主义正在衰落?

欧洲左翼领袖认为右翼浪潮可能逆转,德国选择党受打击

Quick Look

美国中期选举共和党惨败,被视为对特朗普的打击。欧洲多国左翼政客认为右翼民粹主义浪潮正在逆转,德国选择党因依赖特朗普支持也受打击,魏德尔已与特朗普划清界限。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美国中期选举中共和党惨败,被视为对特朗普总统的打击。在巴西,右翼总统候选人弗拉维奥·博索纳罗竞选失败逃往美国。在欧洲,匈牙利的欧尔班和塞尔维亚的武契奇等独裁政客纷纷下台。欧洲许多左翼政治家认为正在出现逆转,西班牙首相桑切斯谈到了其他国家“极右浪潮”的终结。

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在美国,共和党在中期选举中惨败,被视为给特朗普总统的一记耳光。在巴西,右翼总统候选人弗拉维奥·博索纳罗竞选失败逃往美国。在欧洲,匈牙利的欧尔班和塞尔维亚的武契奇等独裁政客纷纷下台。“特朗普的败选打破了国际右翼民粹主义势不可挡的论调,”波鸿大学政治学家奥利弗·伦贝克(Oliver Lembcke)表示。

欧洲许多左翼政治家甚至认为正在出现逆转。西班牙首相桑切斯本周三也谈到了其他国家“极右浪潮”的终结。他在X平台上写道,美国民众投票反对那些使民众陷入贫困的政策,反对仇恨、反对大男子主义、反对气候变化否认者和精英特权。作为工人社会党领袖,桑切斯本人也面临选举,并将矛头指向国内的保守派和极右翼。

在德国,左翼党联合主席伊内斯·施韦特纳(Ines Schwerdtner)对路透社表示:“这对全球右翼来说是一次惨痛的失败。”社民党议会党团主席德克·维泽(Dirk Wiese)表示,选举结果表明“这股右翼民粹主义浪潮也是可以被遏制的”。他认为,这为与加拿大等伙伴建立更紧密的联盟带来了希望。

在国际上,一股反对特朗普反复无常的民族主义路线的势力正在崛起。德国总理默茨近期在日本、韩国和新加坡积极游说,呼吁建立一个新的全球自由贸易联盟。由加拿大总理马克·卡尼牵头的“同盟国联盟”正在全球范围内缓慢形成,其目标不仅是对抗中国,也是为了对抗特朗普。

德国选择党受打击

美国中期选举的结果对德国选择党来说也是一个打击,该党此前一直严重依赖特朗普、他的“让美国再次伟大”(MAGA)运动以及马斯克的支持。政治学家伦贝克表示,“美国中期选举表明,民粹主义政党一旦执政,就可能无法兑现自己的承诺。这对德国选择党来说无疑也是一个令人不安的信号。”

德国选择党主席之一的魏德尔已经迅速与特朗普划清界限,并亲自将败选归咎于他。她向新闻门户网站t-online表示: “特朗普曾向选民承诺,他不会奉行干涉主义的外交政策。”。“如今,他对这一承诺的违背反噬了共和党。”德国选择党在联邦议院的党团主席贝恩德·鲍曼(Bernd Baumann)在接受《商报》采访时批评了美国的进口关税,并表示选择党现在将把希望寄托在特朗普的继任者身上。

政治学家伦贝克认为,美国中期选举结果并不必然意味德国选择党的支持率会降低,因为两国的政治环境截然不同。他指出,“在匈牙利、美国、巴西和塞尔维亚,都有一些特定的国内议题影响了选举结果。”

究竟哪种趋势会占上风,要到明年才能见分晓。法国几个月后将举行总统和议会选举,目前右翼民粹主义政党国民联盟(RN)在民调中领先。而在波兰,亲欧派总理图斯克将面临一场艰难的连任之战。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 德国选择党将把希望寄托在特朗普的继任者身上,并与特朗普划清界限

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 法国国民联盟在即将举行的总统和议会选举中面临不确定性

    Possible · Within months

  • 波兰总理图斯克将面临艰难的连任之战

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 德国选择党的支持率是否会因美国中期选举结果而下降?
  • 法国即将举行的总统和议会选举中,国民联盟能否保持民调领先?
  • 波兰总理图斯克的连任之战结果将如何?
  • 加拿大牵头的“同盟国联盟”将如何具体运作?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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