研究成果发表于《自然》杂志,为精确检验标准模型开辟新路径
复旦大学罗涛团队在《自然》发表研究,首次在对撞机实验中利用量子纠缠与极化信息提取CKM矩阵元|Vus|,通过创新方法将粒子信息转化为可计算数值,为检验标准模型提供新路径。
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标准模型是描述强力、弱力及电磁力及基本粒子的理论。量子纠缠常被称为“幽灵般的超距作用”。
中新社上海9月3日电 (记者 陈静)复旦大学3日披露,该校现代物理研究所学者罗涛团队与合作者成功借量子纠缠提取粒子信息。这项研究成果于北京时间2026年9月2日晚间在《自然》(Nature)发表。
量子纠缠被称为“幽灵般的超距作用”。该研究团队首次在对撞机实验中利用量子纠缠与极化信息提取了卡比博—小林—益川(CKM)矩阵元|Vus|,为精确检验标准模型开辟了一条全新路径,即量子纠缠帮助科学家将看不见的粒子信息转化为可计算的数值,从而填补实验物理的空白。
标准模型是粒子物理学中一套描述强力、弱力及电磁力这三种基本力及所有组成物质的基本粒子的理论。在标准模型中,构成万物的基本粒子可以分为两大类:夸克和轻子。
团队将量子纠缠和极化信息引入研究,创造性地开发了一套独特的联合角分布多变量拟合研究方法,初步攻克了衰变过程的测量难题——对于“看不见”的反中微子,团队可利用能量动量守恒反推它的行踪。“看得见”与“看不见”的两方面信息结合,可使原本模糊的物理图像清晰可辨。
团队利用北京谱仪III(BESIII)实验采集数据,数据以原始电信号形式存储,BESIII合作组成员将每个电信号转化为粒子的动量、能量等可分析信息。此后,罗涛研究团队又从100亿个对撞事例中像“大海捞针”一般筛选出有价值的信号,以便后续分析。
上述突破性成果不仅验证了量子纠缠在高能物理实验中的关键作用,还展示了极化测量在精确检验方面的巨大潜力。该方法已拓展应用至其他的重子衰变研究,后续的研究将为下一代大科学装置发展提供重要方法论支撑。
中国科学院院士、华东师范大学/复旦大学教授马余刚表示,罗涛团队的研究是一项开创性工作,其突破不依赖于先进的设备去堆叠数据量,而在于用更精妙的思路让已有数据“焕发新生”。

The European and Japanese BepiColombo spacecraft separated from their cruiser on Thursday, beginning the final leg of their journey to Mercury. Controllers waited two hours for confirmation via radio signals from ESA's control centre in Germany. If successful, the spacecraft will enter Mercury's orbit in November and split in December to study the planet.

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Professor Jiang Hongen's team from the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed the plant-based diet structure of monks during the Jin and Tang Dynasties through archaeological research on the Subashi Buddhist Temple in Kuqa, Xinjiang. Research has found that the monks at that time ate millet and wheat as their staple food, supplemented by a variety of fruits, and the plant remains reflect the temple economy and Buddhist offering customs at that time.

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