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Back中國扣留巴拿馬籍船舶釀改籍潮 上半年642艘轉出
中國扣留巴拿馬籍船舶釀改籍潮 上半年642艘轉出
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自由时报19 minutes agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

中國扣留巴拿馬籍船舶釀改籍潮 上半年642艘轉出

中國與巴拿馬因運河港口爭議交惡,北京加強檢查及扣留巴拿馬籍船舶,引爆近20年罕見改籍潮,中國船東為最大出走族群。

Quick Look

因中國與巴拿馬運河港口爭議,北京加強扣留巴拿馬籍船舶,引爆罕見改籍潮。2026年上半年有642艘船舶轉出巴拿馬籍,中國船東為最大出走族群,最多船舶轉掛台灣友邦馬紹爾群島。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

巴拿馬最高法院今年1月底裁定撤銷長江和記旗下子公司在巴拿馬運河兩端港口的特許經營權,引發中國扣押巴拿馬籍船舶報復。

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中國與巴拿馬因運河港口爭議交惡,北京今年大幅加強對巴拿馬籍船舶檢查及扣留,引爆罕見改籍潮。最新統計顯示,上半年已有642艘船舶轉出巴拿馬籍,其中104艘轉掛台灣友邦馬紹爾群島國旗,數量居所有轉籍目的地之冠,中國船東更是這波出走潮最大族群。

航運媒體Xinde Maritime引述Clarksons Research旗下World Fleet Register數據顯示,2026年上半年共有642艘船舶轉出巴拿馬船籍,同期僅150艘轉入,淨流失492艘。

改籍速度尤其在第2季急遽升高,4月有86艘離開巴拿馬,5月增至150艘,6月更暴增至266艘。短短3個月就有502艘出走,占上半年轉出總數78%。

權威航運媒體Lloyd's List Intelligence的獨立統計也呈現相同趨勢。資料顯示,6月共有264艘船舶離開巴拿馬船籍,較5月的180艘激增47%,並形容這是近20年未見的出走潮。兩套航運資料庫對6月的統計僅相差2艘。

值得注意的是,這波「大逃亡」中,中國船東跑得最積極。Clarksons數據顯示,上半年轉出巴拿馬籍的642艘船中,有240艘與中國船東有關,占37%、居所有國家及地區之首,香港船東另有18艘;日本船東81艘、新加坡35艘,台灣相關船東則有34艘。

Lloyd's List的資料也佐證這項趨勢,光是6月就有70艘與中國利益相關的船舶離開巴拿馬籍,包括中國50艘及香港20艘,是當月最大的已知船東族群。

船舶從巴拿馬籍轉向後,後續最大受益者竟是台灣友邦馬紹爾群島。Clarksons統計,上半年共有104艘船轉掛馬紹爾群島旗,占642艘的16%,居所有轉籍目的地第一;巴哈馬以97艘居次,賴比瑞亞64艘排名第三,前三大目的地合計吸收265艘。

事實上,這股趨勢早有跡象。Lloyd's List在6月初統計時,已有54艘離開巴拿馬的船舶轉掛馬紹爾群島旗,當時就是最大轉籍目的地;到了上半年Clarksons統計,數量已快速增加至104艘。

這波風波源自巴拿馬最高法院今年1月底裁定,撤銷香港首富李嘉誠創辦的長江和記旗下子公司,在巴拿馬運河兩端港口的特許經營權,隨後中國頻繁扣押懸掛巴拿馬國旗的船舶報復。中巴7月展開海運談判後,扣船數才呈現下降,8月仍有新增案例,使全年累計突破500艘。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 全年轉出巴拿馬籍船舶數量將繼續增加

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 未來中巴海運談判能否完全解決扣船問題?
  • 改籍潮對巴拿馬經濟的長期影響為何?

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