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Back日本遭遇大规模食品涨价潮:多重因素夹击下的通胀困局
日本遭遇大规模食品涨价潮:多重因素夹击下的通胀困局
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中国新闻网1 hour agoBusiness6 min readChinaView translation

日本遭遇大规模食品涨价潮:多重因素夹击下的通胀困局

日本企业纷纷上调产品价格,通胀压力持续向居民餐桌传导

Quick Look

日本近期迎来年内最大涨价潮,10月超3000种食品提价。受地缘政治冲突、日元贬值及国内成本上升等多重因素影响,日本通胀压力加剧,尽管政府提供补贴,但民众生活成本依然高企,日本央行面临通胀与经济增长的两难选择。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

日本超过90%的原油进口依赖中东,易受全球地缘冲突影响。日元贬值进一步推高了进口商品成本,导致通胀压力向终端消费传导。

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最近,日本企业们都在忙一件事,涨价。

《日经亚洲》报道,日本食品巨头格力高10月出货的百力滋品牌等164款商品提价3%—15%;养乐多上调12款产品价格;油炸豆制零食Miino涨价;婴儿配方奶粉Puremilk每罐上涨15%;日本烟草出产的烟草棒涨价40日元……

日本帝国数据库调查显示,10月,日本市场共有3153种食品涨价,叠加9月近5000种涨价食品(约为去年同期3倍),这波年内最大涨价潮,正直扑日本人餐桌。

整个日本,为何困在一个“涨”字里?

简单来说,日本正遭遇全球地缘风暴、国内成本困局和日元贬值等多重夹击。

先看地缘。日本超过90%的原油进口依赖中东。美伊冲突推高全球油价,日本成为主要经济体中受创最大的一个。

日银数据显示,7月,以日元计价的原油进口单价同比暴涨约78%。

石油是工业的粮食,也是物流的血液。油价一涨,日企成本全线飙升。比如,雪印惠奶粉调价,给出的理由就提到包装材料和物流贵了。

日元贬值也进一步放大了采购负担。7月以来,日元兑美元汇率数次跌破1:160关口,许多重度依赖进口的日企支出急剧攀升,成本传导一环扣一环,价格像雪球一样滚向终端。

其实,如果单看CPI,涨价潮似乎并不严重:8月日本核心CPI(消费者物价指数)同比上涨1.7%,较7月收窄。

但市场认为,这只是一种“政策假象”。

三菱日联研究与咨询公司首席研究员小林真一郎表示,核心CPI涨幅放缓,主要受政府为电费、燃气费提供的财政补贴影响。补贴结束后,能源涨价的传导效应预计还将持续,频发的自然灾害也可能对食品等领域造成广泛冲击。

补贴能救急,却治不好病根。老百姓的餐桌压力,一点没小。多重冲击下,日本通胀这把火,也还远没烧完。

《日经亚洲》援引日本经济研究中心的数据称,经济学家平均预计今年10—12月日本核心通胀率为2.52%,明年1—3月将达到3.08%。日本央行也预警,2026财年下半年CPI存在加速升破2%的风险。

通胀给日本民众带来的痛,正在加深。日本帝国数据库预测,按当前趋势,日本今年全年将有约2万种食品涨价。

“日本老年人以及就业不稳定人群的生活会因物价上涨更加困难,贫富差距也将进一步拉大。”日本经济学家熊野英生表示,同时,由于物价上涨,民众或对政府政策失去信任,从而导致政局不稳定性加剧。

为遏制通胀,日本央行本月加息25个基点至1.25%,创31年来最高水平。加息理由明确提到“抑制油价上涨和日元贬值”。

但加息是一剂苦药。日本经济本就疲软,加息可能进一步抑制消费和投资。特别是若美伊冲突长期化,日本年内加息可能不止一次,经济增长恐更加吃力。

日本综合研究所就警告称,若霍尔木兹海峡长期封锁,日本年度GDP可能锐减3%。

从企业公告到超市货架,从能源命脉到货币政策,日本正陷入通胀和增长两难的困境。补贴能压一时,加息能治一端,但地缘风险、运力瓶颈、货币弱势交织在一起,构成了一张难以挣脱的网。

日本人的餐桌危机,短期内还看不到头。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 日本今年全年将有约2万种食品涨价。

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 日本政府后续是否会出台更强力的物价补贴政策?
  • 日本央行年内是否会进一步加息?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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