
中國國家主席習近平訪問華盛頓受到隆重歡迎儀式,但在安全、科技、貿易等議題上未見明顯進展。雙方宣布熊貓贈送與學生交流計劃,但修昔底德陷阱警告、貿易休戰延長及人工智能目標分歧等凸�深層分歧。
AI-generated summary
習近平此次訪問是繼今年5月在北京會晤後的又一次中美領導人會談,雙方此前同意成立貿易和投資委員會並維持貿易休戰,但核心分歧未解。
作者,安東尼‧澤克爾(Anthony Zurcher)
角色,BBC駐北美記者
發表時間:2 分鐘前
閱讀時間:3 分鐘
至少到目前為止,中國國家主席習近平訪問華盛頓可謂排場十足,但在迫切議題上未見多少明顯進展。
從周三(9月23日)在軍事基地舉行的隆重歡迎儀式,到(美東時間)今天早上抵達白宮時接受儀仗隊迎接,美國總統特朗普都為這位中國領導人鋪上了紅地氈,無論從字面還是象徵意義上都是如此。
兩位領導人的公開發言充滿友好措辭和外交辭令。習近平在今天正式會談前發表聲明,宣布將向美國贈送中國大熊貓,並推出新的學生交流計劃。
他說:「讓我們秉持人民情懷、展現歷史主動,不斷推進中美兩國人民友好事業,攜手共建一個更加美好的世界」
特朗普則列出兩人在會談中計劃討論的一些議題,包括「涉及安全、科技和超級智能的迫切問題」。他所說的「超級智能」,是他慣常用來談及人工智能的說法。
特朗普說:「我們今天在這些領域作出的決定,可以在未來數十年推動和平與繁榮。」
不過,周四的軍樂隊表演和軍機飛越,至少對特朗普而言,可能還有更大的目的。
彭博經濟研究首席地緣經濟分析師珍妮弗·韋爾奇對BBC說:「這些有一點刻意安排的盛大場面,是為了營造峰會的正面氣氛。」
「這很符合特朗普總統看待這次峰會,以及他自己在美中關係中所扮演角色的方式,也就是充當提供穩定的壓艙石。」
不過,她指出,習近平的一些言論仍然帶有一定的警示意味。
習近平在白宮發言時再次提到「修昔底德陷阱」。這一理論認為,全球權力格局發生變化時,崛起中的國家與相對衰落的國家之間往往容易爆發衝突。
習近平說:「中美兩國國情不同,通過坦誠、深入、持續的對話能夠增進理解、求同存異、積累互信。」
然而,中美兩國要達成任何實質協議,仍面對重大障礙。
特朗普與習近平今年5月在北京會面時,兩人同意成立貿易和投資委員會,以監督兩國經濟往來,但除此以外成果有限。
美國財政部長貝森特(Scott Bessent)周三表示,中美兩國為期一年的貿易「休戰」將再延長兩個月。這項安排一直令雙方的關稅維持在較低水平。
金融分析師預期,由於雙方都不希望去年的貿易戰重演,本周峰會結束前,這項安排可能會進一步延長。
至於其他議題,包括美國與伊朗的戰爭、烏克蘭戰爭和人工智能規管,取得進展的前景就黯淡得多。
中國未有履行增加購買美國農產品,以及向美國出售更多稀土礦產的承諾,也令前景更加不明朗。
與此同時,中國正觀望特朗普會否落實一項擬議中的對台軍售。這項出售美國武器給台灣的計劃已經擱置數月。
倫敦國王學院政治經濟學教授羅賓·克林格勒-維德拉(Robyn Klingler-Vidra)對BBC表示,在人工智能議題上,中美兩國對於任何有關這場科技競賽的協議,都抱有非常不同的目標。
她說:「美國這邊關注的是生存風險,以及是否可能要放慢人工智能發展。」
「而在中國,重點則是加快發展,或許要在人工智能科技競賽中取勝,以及把人工智能應用到實體經濟。」
多名美國主要人工智能企業高層計劃出席今晚在白宮舉行的正式國宴。許多人認為,美方希望藉此展示其目前在科技領域的優勢。
除了展示實力之外,更多盛大的外交排場,以及維持穩定的承諾,最終或許就是習近平此次訪問的主要成果,即使在他周五下午離開前,兩位領導人還會有更多時間面對面交流。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
貿易休戰將在峰會結束前再次延長
Likely · Within days
人工智能議題將無法達成實質協議
Likely · Within weeks

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