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Back「直播處決死刑犯」掀巨大反彈 川普宣布取消
「直播處決死刑犯」掀巨大反彈 川普宣布取消
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德国之声1 hour agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

「直播處決死刑犯」掀巨大反彈 川普宣布取消

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美国总统特朗普宣布取消国防部长赫格塞斯计划的哈桑处决公开直播,称直播处决可能带来威慑但许多善良好人不愿目睹,哈桑为2009年福特胡德枪击案凶手,处决将由行刑队执行,为二战以来首次,国际社会和国内民众普遍反对直播死刑。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

哈桑是2009年福特胡德陆军基地枪击案的凶手,曾是美国陆军精神科医生,2013年被军事法庭判处死刑。美国上一次已知的行刑队处决发生在1945年,此次若执行将是二战以来首次。

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(德国之声中文网)美国总统特朗普週四(10月15日)宣布取消一场死刑枪决的直播,不会照五角大厦原定计划公开直播2009年得州胡德堡(Fort Hood)枪击案凶手哈桑(Nidal Malik Hasan)的处决过程。

特朗普在“真实社群”平台发文写道:“直播处决给大家看,或许会带来强大的威慑效果,让全世界见证美国是怎么处理像哈桑一样的恐怖分子和人渣;不过,有很多非常善良的好人宁可不要目睹他的死亡,无论是透过直播,或是任何视觉装置。”

特朗普表示,枪击案罹难者的直系亲属若是愿意,仍可以到现场观看哈桑处决,“他们理应见到正义伸张!”依照美国执行死刑的惯例,被害人家属本就可到场观看死刑犯处决。

此前在上週三(7日),美国国防部(官方称战争部)部长赫格塞斯(Pete Hegseth)表示将于12月3日在胡德堡枪决哈桑,由士兵组成的行刑队执行,而且要把过程公开直播给世人观看。

赫格塞斯是在“林肯”号航空母舰上与右翼网红波索比克(Jack Posobiec)交谈时,发表了上述言论。林肯号上週结束了近11个月的远航任务回到加州基地 。

赫格塞斯说:“人们要知道,枪杀这样的事会带来严重后果……我挺喜欢我们在二战时期的那种心态,那就是赢得胜利。”

路透社15日的报道引述一位不具名的白宫官员,特朗普是一直到了赫格塞斯向媒体公布直播死刑的时候,才听说直播的计划。此计划公开之后,特朗普曾表示他支持以行刑队处决哈桑,但对于是否公开直播,他的态度显得较为保留,称此事交由五角大厦决定。

五角大厦发言人帕内尔(Sean Parnell)15日则说,特朗普和赫格塞斯讨论后,决定取消直播计划,“部长支持总统的决定,他们的想法完全一致”。

哈桑的处决将是二战以来美国首次由行刑队执行枪决。美军上一次已知的行刑队处决发生在1945年。

“直播处决”引质疑

“政府直播死刑过程”在美国国内引发了巨大争议,共和党和民主党皆有人提出疑虑,担心死刑的影像可能助长政治对立与极化。数十位退休的美国军官发表公开信警告道:“这将玷污执行处决的军队及其所属国家的荣誉……哈桑袭击并杀害同袍,却反而会成为烈士。”

身为天主教徒的美国副总统万斯(JD Vance)已表示不打算观看直播;美国天主教主教会议主席柯克利(Paul Coakley)等宗教领袖亦表示反对,称这是“野蛮宣扬死亡的文化”。

根据《华盛顿邮报》、美国ABC News、益普索(Ipsos)15日共同发布的民调,有八成的美国民众反对直播处决过程。

国际社会也出现严厉批评声浪。联合国人权事务高级专员办事处(OHCHR)认为,直播死刑执行过程“无异于公开处决,将违反‘绝对禁止酷刑’的规定”。该机构此前亦曾针对阿富汗和伊朗的公开处决发表过类似声明,称此类行为“构成残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或惩罚”。

据大赦国际的統計,去年全球有17国执行死刑,死刑执行数量超过2700件,数量最多的依序为中国、伊朗、沙特阿拉伯、也门、美国。不过,全球只有伊朗和阿富汗有公开处决的纪录。

直播处决的讨论延烧之际,美国才刚爆发了一起跟死刑有关的争议。9月30日,田纳西州200年来第一次处决一名女性死刑犯,但死囚派克(Christa Pike)接受两次通常足以致命的戊巴比妥(pentobarbital)注射,却没有死亡,之后被紧急送医治疗。这次执行死刑失败的事件,在美国重新引发关于死刑的激烈争论。

哈桑是谁?

哈桑1970年出生于在美国弗吉尼亞州,父母来自巴勒斯坦。他曾是美国陆军精神科医生,军阶至少校。

2009年11月5日,哈桑走进胡德堡陆军基地的医疗大楼,以阿拉伯语高呼“真主至大”(Allahu akbar),用激光瞄准手枪射杀了13人,另有32人受伤。枪击过程时,警方从后面开枪射伤哈桑,此后哈桑部分瘫痪,一直坐轮椅。

哈桑曾声称,开枪是为了阻止军人们前往阿富汗杀害穆斯林。美国军事法庭于2013年判处他死刑。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 哈桑的处决将在12月3日进行,但不会公开直播

    Very likely · Within weeks

  • 美国国内关于死刑的争议将在短期内继续发酵

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 国际人权机构可能发表进一步声明批评美国死刑做法

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 哈桑的处决具体日期是否已最终确定?
  • 行刑队是否将由现役军人组成?
  • 特朗普是否会改变对死刑执行方式的立场?
  • 国际社会是否将对美国采取进一步的人权谴责行动?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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