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Back胰島素阻抗早期徵兆與改善方法:營養師楊斯涵分享8項日常要訣
胰島素阻抗早期徵兆與改善方法:營養師楊斯涵分享8項日常要訣
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自由时报24 minutes agoHealth2 min readChina

胰島素阻抗早期徵兆與改善方法:營養師楊斯涵分享8項日常要訣

Quick Look

胰島素阻抗可能在血糖明顯升高前就已出現,與腹部肥胖、脂肪肝、血脂異常及代謝症候群相關。營養師楊斯涵建議從減重、規律運動、提高飲食品質等8項日常方法著手改善,無需依賴神奇食物或完全戒澱粉。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

胰島素阻抗是指肌肉、肝臟與脂肪細胞對胰島素反應變差,導致身體需要分泌更多胰島素來維持血糖穩定,長期可能增加糖尿病風險並與多種代謝問題相關。

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〔健康頻道/綜合報導〕胰島素阻抗不只與糖尿病有關,在血糖真正明顯升高前,可能就已出現。營養師楊斯涵指出,當肌肉、肝臟與脂肪細胞對胰島素反應變差,身體就要分泌更多胰島素才能維持血糖穩定,長期下來除可能增加糖尿病風險,也與腹部肥胖、脂肪肝、血脂異常及代謝症候群相關。想改善胰島素阻抗,不必迷信神奇食物或完全戒澱粉,建議不妨從減重、規律運動、提高飲食品質等日常8要訣著手。

楊斯涵於臉書粉專發文指出,很多人聽到胰島素阻抗,第一個想到的可能是糖尿病,但在血糖明顯飆升前,恐怕它就已經默默出現。所謂胰島素阻抗,是指身體的肌肉、肝臟與脂肪細胞對胰島素反應變差,原本只需少量胰島素就能幫助葡萄糖進入細胞,當胰島素敏感性下降,身體反而需要分泌更多胰島素,才能維持血糖穩定。

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她提醒,改善胰島素阻抗並不是只能依靠某種食物、保健食品或斷食法,研究更支持的是,持續調整生活型態,她並整理出以下8項日常方法:

●過重者先減少5-10%體重:若有過重、肥胖或腰圍偏大的問題,減重是改善胰島素敏感性的重要方式之一。不必一開始就追求大幅減重,只要減少約5-10%體重,就可能對血糖、肝臟脂肪及代謝狀況帶來改善。

●每週至少運動150分鐘:規律運動可提升肌肉利用葡萄糖的能力,即使體重沒有明顯下降,胰島素敏感性仍可能改善。一般可先以每週至少150分鐘中等強度運動為目標,包括:快走、騎自行車、游泳、慢跑及健走等均是好選擇。

●每週2-3次阻力訓練:肌肉是人體利用葡萄糖的重要場所,因此增加或維持肌肉量,也有助改善胰島素敏感性。建議每週可加入約2-3次阻力訓練,如深蹲、彈力帶、啞鈴、重量訓練或徒手訓練。

●不必完全戒澱粉:想改善胰島素阻抗,不代表一定要戒飯、戒水果或完全不吃澱粉。比起單純把碳水化合物降到最低,更應注意整體飲食品質;建議可增加蔬菜、豆類、全穀類、堅果等原型食物。

●增加膳食纖維:膳食纖維除增加飽足感,也有助改善餐後血糖與整體代謝狀況。一般成年人可朝每天攝取約25-30克以上膳食纖維努力,來源包含青菜、菇類、豆類、燕麥、糙米、地瓜、全穀雜糧、水果、堅果與種子類。

●每晚睡足7-9小時:睡眠不足及睡眠品質不佳,都可能與胰島素敏感性下降、食慾調控變差及體重增加有關。成年人通常建議維持約7-9小時睡眠;若睡眠時間已足夠,白天仍經常嗜睡或有嚴重打呼問題,也應進一步評估睡眠品質。

●少碰含糖飲、精緻澱粉及超加工食品:珍珠奶茶、汽水、甜點、餅乾、洋芋片、甜麵包等食物,經常同時具有高精緻澱粉、高糖、高脂肪、高熱量及低纖維等特性。這類食品不只讓一餐血糖升高,也容易使每日總熱量超標,進一步增加內臟脂肪。

●限時進食不是人人都需要:近年受到關注的限時進食(Time-Restricted Eating,TRE),常將每日進食集中在8-10小時內。部分研究顯示,可能有助控制總熱量、體重及部分代謝指標,但不代表只要進食時間正確,就能忽略食物內容。

Open Questions

  • 胰島素阻抗的具體診斷標準與檢測方法是什麼?
  • 不同年齡層改善胰島素阻抗的有效策略是否有差異?
  • 長期堅持8項日常要訣後,胰島素敏感性改善的典型時間週期是多久?

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