
内蒙古赤峰市宁城县通过智慧农业技术赋能高标准农田,改变传统耕作模式
67岁的内蒙古宁城县农民马腾江通过智慧农业管理平台,利用手机远程监控260亩玉米田的墒情、苗情与虫情。该数字化系统实现了精准灌溉与施肥,显著提升了农田管理效率,助力亩产增加并降低了资源消耗。
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宁城县于2024年推进高标准农田建设,并于2025年引入智慧农业系统,旨在改变传统粗放的农田管理模式。
中新网赤峰9月21日电 题:内蒙古农民马腾江的“田野直播间”
作者 奥蓝 单德志
秋日的内蒙古自治区赤峰市宁城县大明镇二肯营子西村,连片玉米田金浪翻滚。一部手机成了种植户马腾江每天离不开的新“农具”。手机屏幕里,是一条条实时更新的数据;屏幕外,是一株株玉米秆上饱满的玉米穗。
“先看看墒情,再看看苗情、虫情。”马腾江打开手机里的智慧农业管理平台,260亩制种玉米田的情况随即呈现在屏幕上。“这是我的田间直播间。”
马腾江今年67岁。过去秋忙时,人跟着庄稼跑,靠力气抢收成,天不亮就下地,弯腰干重活。如今,自家田地不仅成为高标准农田,还配上了智慧农业设施,机器下地、数据管田,人不用天天守在地里,种田的方式也从依靠体力变成了田间巡检、数据研判和农机调度。
这样的场景,在宁城县高标准农田示范区成为农民生产的新日常。
宁城县高标准农田智慧农业技术负责人郝东杰介绍,当地于2024年推进高标准农田建设,2025年将智慧农业融入高标准农田建设,随着虫情、苗情、土壤墒情监测和智能灌溉等系统投入使用,过去种植户需要反复下地查看农田,如今因为这套远程“看田”的数字化管理系统而轻松不少。“我们想通过手机端、电脑端远程可视化管控、自动化灌溉、智能化预警,彻底改变传统人工巡田、粗放种养、经验管护的老旧模式。”
宁城县是内蒙古重要农业大县,全国农业现代化示范区,现有耕地202万亩,其中高标准农田61万亩,大田智慧农业、设施智慧农业达到1万亩,惠及农民3000多户。
马腾江承包的这块地于2025年启动智慧化改造。为适配智慧农业生产模式,他家的田间地块同步完成灌溉管网、水肥一体化管路升级,田间布设6路高清视频摄像头,配合接入项目区土壤、苗情、虫情监测终端,可实时回传田间作物长势、灌溉运行情况。
“以前看庄稼,主要看长得好不好,现在得看数据。看完数据再决定怎么干。”对于种地多年的马腾江来说,变化首先发生在“看地”这件事上。以前赶上天气变化或者作物生长的关键时期,一天跑几趟是常事。现在他习惯先打开手机,看田间传感器实时采集的土壤湿度、温度、养分等数据。“现在浇水、施肥也更加精准,也不用再扛着设备、拉着水箱在地里来回跑。”
郝东杰还举例说,现在系统发现异常后,还可以及时预警,方便种植户和工作人员采取措施。
虫情预警,马腾江今年就用上了。
“以前看到叶子被虫咬了,才知道有虫。”马腾江回忆说,今年系统监测到虫情变化后,他很快安排无人机开展飞防,“发现得早,处理得也及时”。
“不是有了手机就不用下地了。”从看墒情到防虫害,马腾江手机里的这个“田野直播间”,记录着一块地从播种到生长的变化,也让农田管理有了更多数据支撑。但马腾江说,这并不意味着农民可以“离开”土地。“该巡田的时候还是要去,只是现在知道重点看哪里,不用像以前一样整片地一圈圈地转。”
这也是他觉得最实在的变化:过去是人追着地跑,现在是数据先把问题“找”出来。
眼下,马腾江的260亩制种玉米长势良好。他算了一笔账,今年亩产预计在700至800斤之间,“一亩地最少增产150斤”。
“从全县来看,老马(马腾江)的这块地,是宁城县高标准农田智慧化管理的一个缩影。目前,示范区玉米亩产较此前可提高50至80公斤,灌溉用水节约20%,化肥使用量减少12%。”宁城县农牧局副局长何红星介绍说,这就是高标准农田建设和科技赋能农业对农民的意义。“进一步提高农田管理效率,不仅是把田建好,还要把后面的管护做好。”
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