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Back中情局副局长称美对华开展更广泛间谍活动以应对双重威胁
中情局副局长称美对华开展更广泛间谍活动以应对双重威胁
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纽约时报中文网1 hour agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

中情局副局长称美对华开展更广泛间谍活动以应对双重威胁

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美国中央情报局副局长迈克尔·埃利斯表示,美方正在对中国及其企业开展更广泛的间谍活动,以应对中国作为军事和经济双重威胁的地位。他指出,情报收集的性质已发生巨变,中国构成的威胁具有独特的经济竞争性质,且中国企业在人工智能、半导体和生物技术等领域成为合法目标。埃利斯的言论与历届政府先例有所不同,特朗普政府同一天发布警告称中国人工智能公司正以工业级规模窃取美国商业机密。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

埃利斯的讲话发生在特朗普总统准备接待中国领导人习近平进行国事访问之际,围绕人工智能和贸易的竞争预计将成为峰会讨论议题之一。他指出,自冷战时期为监视苏联而建立的情收集模式已发生巨变,中国构成的威胁具有独特的经济竞争性质。

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中央情报局副局长迈克尔·埃利斯周二表示,美国正在对中国——包括中国企业——开展更广泛的间谍活动,以应对该国作为军事和经济双重威胁的地位。

在一次罕见的公开演讲中,埃利斯表示,自中情局和其他情报机构在冷战期间为监视苏联而建立以来,情报收集的性质已经发生了巨大变化。

埃利斯在华盛顿举行的一场网络安全会议上说,与过去的地缘政治对手不同,中国“对我们构成了一种截然不同的威胁,因为这种竞争是经济上的”。

西方官员表示,在共产党统治下,中国没有像美国或欧洲大部分地区那样的独立商界。埃利斯说,这使得中国企业在人工智能、半导体和生物技术等领域成为间谍活动的正当目标。

埃利斯表示,中情局需要扩大其间谍行动授权,因为关于这些技术的宝贵情报“无法在获取政治或军事情报的那些渠道中找到”。他还说,这些信息“存在于私营部门中——或者存在于中国那些可以说最接近私营部门的实体之中”。

埃利斯的言论与历届政府所确立的先例有着微妙的不同,历届政府通常会区分美国认为可接受的间谍活动(例如为国防和外交政策目的而进行的情报收集)与出于经济动机的间谍活动。

例如,奥巴马政府经常公开指责中国通过黑客手段窃取美国企业的知识产权,最终在2015年与北京签署了一项协议,双方均同意不从事经济间谍活动。美国后来指责中国违反了该协议。

然而,美国官员长期以来在私下承认,很难界定什么是合法的间谍活动。但他们传统上不会在公开场合如此表态。

“我们一直以某种方式、形式或形态在收集情报,”埃利斯在公开演讲后的一次简短采访中说。“现在的不同之处在于,这不仅仅关乎坦克、导弹和潜艇了。”

埃利斯发表此番言论的时机也颇具深意。特朗普总统定于本月接待中国领导人习近平进行国事访问。围绕人工智能和贸易的竞争预计将成为峰会期间讨论的议题之一。

在埃利斯发表讲话的同一天,特朗普政府发布了一份公开咨询警告,指出中国的人工智能公司正对美国同行进行“工业级规模”的商业机密窃取。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 美方将在未来几周内就对华情报活动的新授权提出正式建议或行政命令。

    Likely · Within weeks

  • 中方将通过外交渠道对美方指控提出正式抗议,并可能呼吁恢复2015年美中网络安全协议的履行。

    Likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 美方新的间谍授权范围具体包括哪些行动和技术领域?
  • 中方对美方指控的回应是什么?
  • 此次警告和讲话是否会影响特朗普与习近平的会谈 agenda?
  • 美方如何界定‘最接近私营部门的实体’?

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This article was originally published by 纽约时报中文网.

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