
英國《金融時報》披露俄羅斯國防工業生產文件,顯示莫斯科擬向伊朗提供90具APU-L直升機飛彈發射架,可搭載LMUR精準導引飛彈。
俄羅斯擬向伊朗出售90具APU-L直升機飛彈發射架,可搭載LMUR精準導引飛彈,供伊朗Mi-28攻擊直升機使用,藉此強化對地精準打擊能力。但目前尚未證實裝備已完成交付,實際作戰效益仍待評估。
AI-generated summary
俄羅斯與伊朗在軍事領域持續展開合作,伊朗先前已證實引進俄製Mi-28攻擊直升機。
俄羅斯向伊朗出售的APU-L發射器,專為俄製Mi-28攻擊直升機設計,伊朗軍方已證實取得該型直升機。
〔記者吳哲宇/綜合報導〕俄羅斯與伊朗軍事合作再傳新進展!英國《金融時報》5日披露,根據俄羅斯國防工業生產文件,莫斯科疑似與德黑蘭達成協議,將提供90具APU-L直升機飛彈發射架,可搭載俄軍在烏俄戰場廣泛使用的LMUR精準導引飛彈,未來若成功整合至伊朗Mi-28攻擊直升機,將可強化其對地精準打擊能力。不過,目前尚未證實相關裝備已完成交付。
軍聞網站「Army Recognition」報導,根據《金融時報》取得的資料,俄羅斯2024至2025年國防生產時程表,列出一筆向代號「K-10」客戶出口90具APU-L發射架的訂單,據稱該代號是俄羅斯國防出口公司用來識別伊朗的編碼。文件由烏克蘭民間情報組織Dallas Analytics提供,並包含俄羅斯飛彈製造商要求加速零組件交付的相關往來紀錄。
APU-L發射架主要供Mi-28攻擊直升機使用,每具可掛載2枚LMUR飛彈;另一款APU-305則僅能搭載1枚,但目前沒有證據顯示伊朗也採購後者。值得注意的是,90具發射架並不代表伊朗將取得90架直升機,實際搭載數量及飛彈採購規模仍不明。
LMUR又稱「產品305」,於2022年進入俄軍服役,具備攻擊固定及移動地面目標的能力,並可由操作人員在飛行途中進行導引。根據相關資料,飛彈速度約每秒230公尺,能在約1分鐘內飛行14公里,可讓直升機在一定距離外發動精準攻擊。
伊朗先前已證實引進俄製Mi-28攻擊直升機,2026年1月公布的照片,也顯示相關機型已出現在德黑蘭一處航空設施。若未來搭配LMUR飛彈,將有助於擴大伊朗直升機部隊的防區外打擊選項,提升攻擊裝甲車輛及其他地面目標的戰術彈性。
不過,報導分析,即使LMUR具備一定射程,仍無法確保Mi-28在現代化防空環境中的生存能力。面對長程防空飛彈、先進戰機及電子作戰系統,直升機在接近目標、發射武器及撤離過程中,依然可能遭受攻擊。
此外,LMUR的實際作戰效益,也取決於機載系統整合、通訊鏈路、目標識別、飛行員訓練及後勤支援。俄羅斯是否同步交付飛彈,以及伊朗是否已建立完整作戰能力,目前均無法確認。
分析指出,這項潛在軍售案凸顯俄伊軍事技術合作持續發展,但在交付與整合情況尚未明朗前,仍不足以認定伊朗攻擊直升機戰力已大幅提升,更難單憑這項武器改變區域空中軍力平衡。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
伊朗未來可能整合APU-L發射架與LMUR飛彈至Mi-28直升機
Possible · Within months

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