
成功实现碳汇和人为碳排放的区分核算
中国科学院大气物理研究所团队研制出面向下一代碳卫星(TanSat-2)的碳监测新系统,在仿真观测中成功区分核算碳汇与人为碳排放,为全球碳循环监测提供关键技术支撑。
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中国下一代碳卫星(TanSat-2)旨在通过高光谱观测提升对二氧化碳、甲烷等温室气体的监测能力。该系统通过自主研发的模拟器进行高保真测试,以优化卫星观测性能。
中新社北京9月11日电 中国科学院大气物理研究所(大气所)11日披露,中国科学家团队提出并研制的面向中国下一代碳卫星(TanSat-2)碳监测、核算的新方法、新系统,在仿真观测中,成功实现碳汇和人为碳排放的区分核算。
这一科研成果论文,由中国科学院大气所联合中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院以及英国爱丁堡大学等合作者共同完成,近日在专业学术期刊发表。
论文第一作者、中国科学院大气所杨东旭研究员介绍说,作为面向下一代全球碳监测需求设计的全新卫星体系,中国下一代碳卫星的设计基于地球系统科学碳循环的机理开展,拟搭载高光谱光栅光谱仪,观测二氧化碳、甲烷等温室气体,同时开展太阳诱导叶绿素荧光的观测,具备约1000千米瞬时视场和3000千米横向摆扫能力,具有更高的空间和时间采样密度,也更有机会减少云、气溶胶和低太阳高度角造成的观测空缺。
中国下一代碳卫星的核心目标任务之一,就是让地球碳账本不仅更大范围地被看到,还能被更清楚地拆分,需要装上“放大镜”看清碳账本的细节。
杨东旭指出,在中国下一代碳卫星还未真正上天之前,为高保真地测试卫星,研究团队通过自主研发的碳卫星观测轨道模拟器,综合考虑大气条件、地表特征等多种影响因素,尽可能真实模拟卫星在太空中的观测过程和观测数据。
研究团队还为中国下一代碳卫星及未来二氧化碳卫星任务设计提供了一个可量化的评估框架——在幅宽、精度、偏差和反演效果之间找到更合理的平衡点。
杨东旭表示,中国下一代碳卫星是地球碳账本上的一支重要“太空笔”,但卫星并不能独自完成所有碳监测任务,可靠的全球和区域碳通量监测,需要卫星、地基、航空和原位观测共同支撑。

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