
針對《環球時報》對川習會的解讀,分析美中外交互動與台灣安全戰略的本質差異
本文分析川習會後中國官媒對台灣的敘事策略。作者指出,外交禮遇不等於戰略和解,北京若欲降低台海戰爭風險,應以具體行動減少軍事脅迫,而非僅透過官媒要求台灣改變安全路線。
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川習會於9月23日至25日舉行,中方官媒隨後發文解讀其對台灣的戰略意義。美方在會後強調經貿與芬太尼議題進展,但未公開接受中方關於反對台獨的要求。
川習二會於9月23日至25日舉行。(法新社)
川習會落幕後,中國官媒《環球時報》署名「海風」迫不及待刊出〈台灣社會要讀懂中美元首這次會晤的歷史意義〉,把川普政府對習近平的外交禮遇,延伸解讀成台灣應該重新思考安全路線,甚至宣稱中美建立所謂「建設性戰略穩定關係」,將為兩岸「統一」創造更有利的外部條件。這正是中共大外宣最熟悉的敘事方式,把外交場合的紅毯、國宴與握手,包裝成美國對中戰略轉向。然而,事實必須先說清楚,習近平此次是9月23日至25日為期三天的國是訪問,川普確實給予高度禮遇,美方也宣布雙方在芬太尼前驅物、經貿等領域取得進展,但白宮會後公布的是美方自己的成果說明,並非一份美中聯合聲明。尤其值得注意的是,中方公開要求美國「反對台獨」,白宮公開文件並未宣布接受這項要求。這些事實,恐怕比《環球時報》替台灣寫好的「歷史意義」更值得讀懂。
更諷刺的是,《環球時報》要求台灣不要成為「外部勢力進行戰略試探的靶場」,卻刻意忽略台海安全問題最核心的爭議之一,就是北京始終沒有放棄以武力解決台灣問題。中國若真認為「一個真正負責任的政治選擇,應當降低戰爭風險、營造和平空間」,那麼同樣的標準首先就應該適用於北京自己。習近平此次赴美前,更傳出北京希望川普停止對台軍售,而美國方面長期把對台軍售與台灣自我防衛能力相連結。 如果一方面保留武力手段,一方面要求台灣降低防衛能力,再把台灣尋求安全合作描繪成「挑釁」,這不是完整描述因果,而是只挑選對北京有利的一半來說。和平不能只是要求受到軍事壓力的一方解除警戒,更應包括施壓的一方降低威脅。
《環球時報》另一個值得檢驗的說法,是試圖把一次元首會晤描述成美中戰略競爭正在根本轉向。外交上的握手,本來就不等於戰略上的結盟。川普在訪問期間稱此次會晤具有「友誼、力量與成功」,白宮也明確表示希望推進對美國有利的美中關係,但同一個川普政府並沒有因此停止反共政治論述。白宮在川習會前的9月22日公開川普聯合國演說內容時,仍明確宣示反對共產主義;川習會期間,美國政府更播出宣稱要「擊敗共產主義、社會主義與馬克思主義」的宣傳廣告。 因此,把川普對習近平的國家禮遇直接解讀成美中戰略和解,甚至進一步推論台灣的安全合作已經失去意義,都超出了目前公開事實所能支持的範圍。國家可以談判、交易、宴請甚至相互稱讚,同時仍然存在制度、軍事與地緣戰略競爭。
所以,真正值得「讀懂川習會歷史意義」的,或許不只有台灣,也包括北京。美中願意建立護欄、避免衝突,當然符合區域穩定利益,但「避免衝突」不能被偷換成要求台灣單方面接受北京設定的政治終局。北京若真希望台海降低戰爭風險,最具有說服力的訊號不是讓《環球時報》告訴台灣應該如何選擇,而是以具體行動降低軍事脅迫,並承諾以和平方式處理兩岸分歧。否則,紅毯再長、國宴再盛大、官媒文章再雄辯,也改變不了一個基本問題:當北京一面談「和平空間」,一面又不排除以武力處理台灣問題時,台灣社會真正需要讀懂的,不是大外宣替川習會寫下的結論,而是外交禮遇與國家戰略之間,本來就存在一道不能靠宣傳抹去的界線。

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