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Back「国際秩序」巡り対立 米国と日欧に溝―ICC
「国際秩序」巡り対立 米国と日欧に溝―ICC
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時事通信11 hours agoWorld2 min readJapanView translation

「国際秩序」巡り対立 米国と日欧に溝―ICC

トランプ政権がICCを「主権への脅威」と断じ、同盟国にも協力を要請

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トランプ米政権は9日、国際刑事裁判所(ICC)本体への制裁を発動した。米国はICCを「主権への脅威」と見なし解体も辞さない構えだが、日本や欧州諸国は国際秩序維持の観点から懸念を表明しており、同盟国との深刻な対立が懸念される。

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Why It Matters

米国はICCに加盟しておらず、米兵が戦争犯罪で訴追される可能性を懸念している。トランプ政権は国際協調よりも自国優先を掲げ、ICCを主権を脅かす存在と見なしている。

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【ワシントン時事】トランプ米政権は9日、国際刑事裁判所(ICC)本体への制裁に踏み切った。これに対し、日本や欧州主要国の外相は即座に「国際秩序を守る」とする共同声明を発表した。ICCを「主権への脅威」と断じて「解体」も辞さない構えの米国との間で、深刻な対立を招く恐れもある。

「自国防衛で米軍に頼っている同盟国が、ICCに歯止めをかけることを期待する」。ルビオ米国務長官は9日、声明でこう述べた。日本や北大西洋条約機構(NATO)加盟国などを念頭に、制裁に協力するように要請した形だ。トランプ大統領も9月、国連総会の一般討論演説で、ICC加盟国に「即時の脱退」を求めており、今後も働き掛けを強める可能性がある。

制裁の一部には180日の猶予期間が設定された。制裁解除の条件は明示されていないが、トランプ氏は「ICCが米国人を捜査、訴追することを決して認めない」と主張してきた。ただ、「独立性と公平性」を旨とする国際裁判所がこうした要求を受け入れる見通しはない。制裁が本格化すれば、ICCは存亡の危機にひんし、支持を表明した日欧も米国との関係上、難しい立場に置かれかねない。

米国の強硬姿勢の背景には、ICCに加盟していない米国の兵士が戦争犯罪などで訴追されることへの懸念がある。クリントン大統領(当時)が2000年、ICC設立を定めた条約に署名したものの、批准プロセスを見送ったのはそのためだ。

ルビオ氏も「ICCには米国民への管轄権はないという点で、両党(共和党、民主党)は一致している」と強調する。これに加えて、トランプ政権は国際協調よりも自国優先を鮮明にしている事情がある。ICCを、米国の主権を脅かす「グローバリスト」の象徴と見なし、攻撃してきた。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 米国によるICC加盟国への脱退要求の継続

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 制裁解除の具体的な条件は何か
  • 日本や欧州諸国が今後どのような具体的対抗措置をとるか

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