
從WAICO與Pax Silica看全球人工智慧規則制定權之爭
上海2026世界人工智慧大會中,中國倡議成立WAICO以拉攏全球南方;美國則推動Pax Silica科技同盟。美中兩強在AI治理與技術標準上展開激烈博弈,台灣應加速建置在地語料庫以爭取話語權。
AI-generated summary
上海2026世界人工智慧大會期間,中國提出WAICO倡議,而美國則推動Pax Silica以整合供應鏈並排除中國。
近期上海2026世界人工智慧大會(WAIC)上,中國國家主席習近平倡議成立「世界人工智慧合作組織」(WAICO),宣稱要讓全球南方國家平等受益、弭平智慧鴻溝。然而,WAICO的29個創始成員涵蓋俄羅斯、巴西、南非、馬來西亞、印尼與柬埔寨等,主要來自全球南方及非西方國家,未見美國及主要西歐國家參與。表明中國正試圖透過WAICO塑造國際AI規範架構,向南方國家輸出其以國家為中心的科技治理願景,開闢AI規則制定權新戰場。
反觀美國,美國國務院經濟事務次卿海伯格(Jacob Helberg)積極推動涵蓋24國及歐盟的「矽盛世倡議」(Pax Silica),試圖以可信賴夥伴重新整合從關鍵礦產、能源、半導體、先進製造到人工智慧模型的完整供應鏈,並將中國排除於核心AI生態系之外。華府同時收緊中國使用Anthropic等美國頂尖AI模型管道,理由是防止相關技術遭用於網路攻擊,危及美國及盟友的關鍵基礎設施。北京以WAICO拉攏全球南方並輸出治理模式,華府則以科技同盟築起安全防線;美中兩強各自築牆結盟,為爭奪AI技術主導權與治理權展開激烈角力。
與此同時,中國科技業加速推進模型技術。北京新創公司月之暗面發表2.8兆參數的Kimi K3開源模型,阿里巴巴亦推出2.4兆參數的Qwen 3.8。兩者皆採開放權重策略,開放使用者下載、部署、微調與修改,降低取得及使用大型AI模型的門檻。其性能在程式編寫與知識工作任務已展現能與Anthropic的Claude Fable 5及OpenAI的GPT-5.6 Sol競爭的實力。開源策略成為中國衝擊美國專有模型壁壘新籌碼,迫使外界重新評估美國依靠科技巨額投資所建立的技術領先優勢。
若以黃仁勳的「AI五層蛋糕」(能源、晶片、基礎設施、模型、應用)審視,美中各有結構性強弱。中國發電量約為美國兩倍,能支撐龐大的資料中心運作,且掌控全球絕大多數稀土與部分半導體產能,加上高度行政效率,能在數月內落成大型數據中心;美國則憑藉領先的半導體設計能力、一流大學與創投體系保持競爭力。但美國嚴厲的出口管制已讓美中技術與市場雙雙走向封閉與脫鉤。
面對這場全球AI治理與標準爭奪戰,台灣雖高居全球晶片與伺服器供應鏈核心,卻在國際AI治理體系幾乎毫無發言權。國際社會一方面依賴台灣製造先進晶片,另一方面卻在排除台灣參與情況下制定模型與數據使用的遊戲規則。台灣不能只做被動的代工供應者,必須積極化被動為主動。
除了持續強化半導體與AI技術研發外,政府與產學界應整合資源加速建置優質繁體中文與在地語料庫,並建立符合台灣法制、民主價值與文化的AI模型評測標準,確保國際AI系統能正確理解台灣的使用情境,避免文化偏誤與國家安全風險,才能在全球AI治理新秩序搶占戰略話語權與實質影響力。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
美中兩國將持續擴大在AI技術標準與供應鏈上的脫鉤。
Very likely · Within months

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