
AI降低编程门槛,行业知识与专业经验成为软件产业竞争新核心
工业和信息化部9月印发《“人工智能+软件”专项行动实施方案》,推动软件生产变革与智能化升级。AI智能体可承担产品经理、项目经理等角色,中国企业级AI智能体市场2025年达212亿元,预计2029年突破3320亿元。文章强调,AI降低编程门槛的同时,行业知识和专业经验愈发凸显,软件产业需将技术与真功夫相互成就。
AI-generated summary
工业和信息化部今年9月印发《“人工智能+软件”专项行动实施方案》,提出优化智能编程工具链条,加快软件产品智能化升级等举措。中国软件业务收入今年前8个月达10.28万亿元,制造业增加值连续16年位居世界第一。
今年9月,工业和信息化部印发《“人工智能+软件”专项行动实施方案》(以下简称《实施方案》),提出优化智能编程工具链条,加快软件产品智能化升级等举措,加快推进人工智能技术在软件和信息技术服务业融合应用。
AI(人工智能)技术快速发展,正深刻改变软件的生产方式、产品形态和服务模式,也给软件产业出了一道新考题:当AI越来越会写代码,编程门槛不断降低,软件产业靠什么赢得竞争?
过去,一个想法变成软件产品,要经历需求分析、程序编写、测试修改等多道工序,耗费大量人力和时间。如今,把需求告诉AI,它就能生成代码、发现错误,甚至协调完成部分开发任务。有媒体报道,重庆一家软件开发企业让3个AI智能体分别承担产品经理、项目经理和技术经理的工作,工程师成了负责调度和把关的“监工”。在代码编写环节,AI工具覆盖率大幅提升,部分企业甚至已实现全员覆盖。
产品形态上,过去的软件大多被动执行指令,现在一些智能体软件却能理解意图、自主完成任务;服务模式则从交付一套固定功能的程序,转变为持续提供智能应用。数据显示,中国企业级AI智能体市场2025年已达212亿元,预计2026年将增至449亿元,2029年有望突破3320亿元,年复合增长率高达107%。《实施方案》从推进软件生产变革、加快软件产品智能化升级、培育智能体软件新业态等方面作出部署,正是着眼于这一系列新变化、新挑战。
人工智能技术在降低软件生产门槛的同时,也让行业知识、专业经验的价值愈发凸显。人工智能可以帮助开发者更快写出程序,读懂行业和需求的功夫却非一朝一夕所能练成。
以制造业领域的排产软件为例,不同工序如何衔接、设备在哪种情况下需要停机、怎样兼顾交付进度与能耗,都需要对生产场景有深入了解。今年前8个月,我国软件业务收入达10.28万亿元;我国制造业增加值连续16年位居世界第一。广阔的软件应用市场为新软件提供了丰富的需求,完整的制造业体系则积累了大量生产数据、工程方法和行业知识。《实施方案》提出,支持有条件的工业企业联合软件企业,将工业经验、工艺参数等知识封装为可复用的模型库和工业组件,研发行业智能化工业软件。借助人工智能技术将专业经验融入算法和软件产品,让软件真正懂得生产流程、适应复杂工况,我国实体产业的优势就有望进一步转化为软件产业的优势。
抓住新机遇,同样需要新技术与真功夫相互成就。
软件开发提速了,质量和可靠性的要求却不会降低。一段人工智能生成的代码放到复杂工程中,能否长时间稳定运行、能否应对异常情况、能否保障数据安全,都需要经受反复检验。
应当清醒地看到,“人工智能+软件”并没有改变软件开发的底层逻辑,物理原理和数学方法仍然是开发者需要持续深耕的问题,具体工程问题的求解内核需要长期研究积累,极高的精度要求需要非常规的代码设计以及海量工业场景验证。人工智能可以为软件开发赋能,却不能替代科学家和工程师的思维。
既要用好人工智能,加快软件智能化升级脚步,也要持续加强核心算法、基础架构等技术攻关。推动软件企业与行业用户深度合作,让产品到真实场景中反复打磨;加强开源社区建设,促进技术共享和协同创新。尤其要重视质量与安全,把代码审查、风险检测贯穿开发全过程。
梳理软件产业的历史脉络,从个人电脑到移动互联网,每次技术变革都催生了新产品、新企业,也改写了产业竞争格局。如今,人工智能又打开了一扇新的大门。将庞大的产业规模转化为过硬的技术实力,将丰富的应用场景转化为软件产品,中国软件产业有望在新一轮科技革命和产业变革中赢得更大发展空间。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
更多软件企业将实现AI工具全员覆盖,智能体软件新业态加快培育
Likely · Within months
工业企业与软件企业合作研发行业智能化工业软件的项目将增多
Possible · Within months

Huida CEO Huang Renxun resigned after a series of extramarital scandals involving Huang Le, a Chinese woman suspected of being a Chinese spy. The New York Times reported that two people familiar with the matter revealed that U.S. President Trump called Jen-Hsun Huang on the 10th to urge him to continue fighting to keep his position. Trump received at least two warnings from intelligence agencies about the relationship between Huang Jen-Hsun and Huang Le, but failed to take action and publicly supported them on many occasions. The report pointed out that Trump regards Huang Renxun as a modern version of Henry Ford, believes that Huida's fate is closely related to the U.S. economy and the stock market, and is worried that Huang Renxun's resignation may cause the stock market to plummet. Representatives for Huang did not comment on the report, and Trump and the White House did not respond to requests for comment.

Foreign media reported that if Huida founder Huang Renxun is replaced, the biggest beneficiary may be China, and the United States' leading position in AI may be shaken. Huida's stock price fell about 8% after the market closed, and its market value evaporated by more than US$300 billion. Analysts slashed the target price from US$400 to US$200.

Nvidia co-founder and CEO Jen-Hsun Huang was forced to step down after rumors of his second extramarital affair were deemed by the board of directors to have crossed the line. Silicon Valley executives said that the AI industry is highly dependent on Nvidia chips, and no one wants to break the winning formula because the benefits are too great. Chief Financial Officer Colette Kress is taking over temporarily, but she has no engineering background and needs to prove to investors that the pace of innovation will not slow down. The investigation into Huang's relationship with the woman accused of being a Chinese spy will continue, and competitors such as SpaceX's Musk have said it would be a great honor to work with him.

Shenzhen Huaqiangbei Business District, Skyworth Intelligent Workshop and Shenzhen Pinghu Laboratory demonstrated a complete innovation chain from AI fashion entrepreneurship to third-generation semiconductor chip research. There are AI night schools in every street in Shenzhen, with a total of more than 700,000 people trained, reflecting the vitality of the city where everyone can innovate.

The results conference of the 7th China Artificial Intelligence Competition was held in Xiamen on the 12th. 138 teams were awarded certificates. Academician Shen Changxiang gave a keynote report on autonomous trusted computing. The event set up a results display area to showcase the outstanding results of the competition and the development results of Xiamen's artificial intelligence industry.

Microsoft's systems were disrupted on a large scale, and services such as Teams, Outlook, and Copilot experienced connection problems, affecting tens of thousands of users in 74 countries around the world, including the United States, Japan, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore. AI services such as OpenAI and Anthropic were also affected. Microsoft said that many servers were unexpectedly unavailable. There are currently no signs that it was caused by a cyber attack.