
史密斯警告AI安全規範匱乏,呼籲借鏡現有產品監管經驗並設立緊急煞車機制
微軟總裁史密斯呼籲建立全球性AI監管框架與獨立審查機構,強調現行AI安全規範不足,建議引入緊急煞車機制與事件報告制度,並肯定英國在AI安全研究院方面的領先地位。
AI-generated summary
全球科技界正針對AI技術的快速發展及其潛在生存威脅展開辯論,各國政府亦在探索適當的監管框架。
全球科技巨擘微軟(Microsoft)總裁史密斯(Brad Smith)表示,人工智慧(AI)亟需全球性監管,並應設立獨立機構,審查AI技術的最新發展。他警告,目前AI相關安全規範甚至比牛奶還少。
英國廣播公司(BBC)12日刊出的專訪中,史密斯表示,全球應制定一套安全規範,要求當系統遭到惡意AI代理程式入侵時,必須通知受影響者,並設置「緊急煞車」機制。
他也表示,法律應要求企業提交「事件報告」。
史密斯指出:「我們知道如何對其他產品進行這項工作。我們應該借鏡既有經驗,思考如何將這些做法應用於AI。」
他指出:「目前,洗衣機受到的安全規範都比AI多。甚至連在商店看到的每一盒牛奶,都受到安全規範與檢查。」
包括Anthropic與OpenAI在內的科技公司,已開始揭露AI代理程式的異常或非預期行為。這些案例是全球針對快速發展的AI技術展開辯論的一部分;相關討論也包括研究人員對AI可能威脅人類生存的警告。
部分企業呼籲放緩AI發展,但此舉也引發外界質疑,企業高層是否另有考量,例如制定有利於維持自家公司領先地位的規則、預先化解政府更廣泛的反彈,或只是希望減緩過於急遽的支出。
史密斯指出,英國是最有條件引領AI監管的國家之一,原因在於前首相蘇納克(Rishi Sunak)任內成立的AI安全研究院(AI Security Institute)。
史密斯指出,華府官員看待倫敦的態度,與看待布魯塞爾截然不同。
歐洲聯盟(EU)依據「人工智慧法」(AI Act),依照風險程度對AI進行監管。
英國AI安全研究院則透過與主要AI模型開發商達成的自願性協議,在模型正式部署前取得存取權限,以評估其能力與風險。
英國AI大臣納拉揚(Kanishka Narayan)先前接受路透社訪問時表示,如果現行制度證明不足以因應相關風險,英國將考慮對先進AI模型實施監管。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
英國將考慮對先進AI模型實施強制監管
Possible · Within months

Wang Xingxing, CEO of a Hangzhou-based robotics company, suggests that recent developments in OpenAI's GPT models could accelerate the timeline for achieving breakthroughs in embodied intelligence to within one or two years.
At the 26th China International Industrial Fair, the errand-running robot "Danbao" developed by Fudan University was officially released. The robot is equipped with a purely visual side-to-side brain and does not require pre-built maps or remote control. It can travel autonomously in complex environments, marking a major breakthrough in the paradigm of robot autonomy.
The 26th China International Industrial Expo opened in Shanghai. The "Qingshi Intelligent Drone Inspection Software System" developed by East China Normal University realizes drone coordinated inspection and precise positioning; Fudan University demonstrated an autonomous desert planting robot that collaborates with air, space and ground to improve desertification control efficiency and large-scale operation capabilities.

Zhejiang Province has recently held the World Artificial Intelligence Open Source Competition, the Intelligent Robot Application Skills Exhibition and the Global Digital Trade Expo, and has made efforts in the three dimensions of basic capabilities, application implementation and global open cooperation, aiming to create a global artificial intelligence innovation and development highland.

At the 26th China International Industrial Expo, the "Danbao" robot equipped with a pure visual robot end-side brain was released. This technology enables robots to get rid of their dependence on preset maps and remote control, and realize independent understanding of the environment and decision-making. It is lightweight and has low power consumption, providing a path for the large-scale implementation of embodied intelligence.

China accounts for about 5 per cent of equipment and materials directly supplied to the US chip industry by country of manufacture, but holds over a 90 per cent grip on necessary rare earths, according to the Semiconductor Industry Association.