Back克雷頓將兼任白宮最高AI顧問,AI政策升級為國家安全議題
克雷頓將兼任白宮最高AI顧問,AI政策升級為國家安全議題
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自由时报1 hour agoPolitics2 min readChinaView translation

克雷頓將兼任白宮最高AI顧問,AI政策升級為國家安全議題

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美國總統川普預計任命前證交會主席兼現任國家情報總監克雷頓為白宮最高AI顧問,使他可能同時掌管情報與AI政策。此舉凸顯川普政府將AI視為國家安全議題,而非僅科技或產業政策。克雷頓曾代表高盛處理雷曼兄弟資產收購,後擔任SEC主席監管金融市場風險,2026年7月獲參議院確認出任國家情報總監。若任命成真,他將無需參院確認即兼任AI政策要職,繼續領導全美18個情報機構。此安排反映川普政府AI政策轉變:儘管仍反對放慢發展速度,但開始要求業者承擔更多AI安全責任,並對Anthropic與OpenAI展開調查。克雷頓在CNBC專訪中稱超級智慧為國家安全議題,顯示其未來AI政策將以國家安全為重要考量。

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Why It Matters

克雷頓具有華爾街律師、證交會主席及國家情報總監等多重背景,曾在金融危機期間代表高盛處理雷曼兄弟資產收購,後監管金融市場風險,並就中國對美國金融穩定的威脅在國會作證。

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從華爾街律師、證交會主席到國家情報總監,克雷頓如今又將跨足人工智慧(AI)領域。美國總統川普預計任命他為白宮最高AI顧問,使他可能同時身兼情報與AI政策要職,也凸顯AI在川普政府眼中已升級為國家安全議題。

「華盛頓郵報」(The Washington Post)等外媒報導,克雷頓(Jay Clayton)的職涯背景相當多元。他長年任職華爾街律師事務所,在2008年金融危機期間代表高盛集團(Goldman Sachs),也曾代表巴克萊集團(Barclays)處理收購雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)資產。

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此後,他出任美國證券交易委員會(SEC)主席,2017年至2020年負責監督美國金融市場;2025年出任紐約南區聯邦檢察官,處理金融犯罪及國安案件。2026年7月,他獲參議院確認出任國家情報總監,8月3日正式宣誓就任。

克雷頓目前擔任總統情報事務首席顧問,並掌管全美18個情報機構。若任命成真,他將在繼續掌舵情報體系的同時,負責川普政府最高層級的AI政策諮詢;這項AI職務任命不需經過參院確認。

這項人事安排也反映川普政府在AI政策思維上的轉變。前任白宮AI沙皇(AI czar)、創投家塞克斯(David Sacks)主張讓AI儘可能快速發展,但他3月離任後,政府官員愈來愈需要因應最新一代AI模型帶來的資安威脅,以及AI代理程式可能失控的危險。

川普政府近來仍反對放慢AI發展速度及增加監管,但也開始要求業者就AI安全承擔更多責任。白宮9月29日邀請AI業界高層共進午餐,多家主要AI公司承諾安全開發新系統,並接受外部監督;隔天,聯邦貿易委員會(Federal Trade Commission)官員表示已對Anthropic與OpenAI展開調查。

克雷頓在白宮與科技業高層會面隔日接受CNBC專訪時表示,「超級智慧」(super intelligence,SI)是國家安全議題。這番言論也顯示,他未來處理AI政策時,國家安全將是重要考量。

實際上,克雷頓並非只是在近期才接觸科技與國安議題。他擔任SEC主席期間,監管工作就涉及資安及金融體系科技風險;卸任後他也曾就北京對美國金融穩定構成的威脅,在聯邦眾議院美中戰略競爭特別委員會(House Select Committee on China)作證。

克雷頓預計兼任AI沙皇之際,川普政府也在重新思考AI政策方向。隨著AI在美國政府眼中的角色從科技與產業政策逐漸延伸至國家安全領域,克雷頓可能也將面對不同於過往的新挑戰。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 克雷頓將正式獲任命為白宮最高AI顧問

    Very likely · Within weeks

  • 聯邦貿易委員會將對更多AI公司展開調查

    Likely · Within months

  • 川普政府將在未來數月內發布更具體的AI國家安全政策框架

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 克雷頓是否將獲得額外資源來兼任情報與AI政策要職?
  • 白宮最高AI顧問具體職責與權限範圍為何?
  • 川普政府在AI安全監管方面將採取哪些具體措施?
  • 對Anthropic與OpenAI的調查將聚焦於哪些潛在違規行為?

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