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Back信医生还是信AI?这是一个问题
信医生还是信AI?这是一个问题
Health
中国新闻网2 hours agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

信医生还是信AI?这是一个问题

专家呼吁公众认清AI局限,强化医生主诊主导地位

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浙江一名家长因信AI诊断拒绝医生建议的胸部X线检查,导致3岁孩子哮喘并发肺部感染发展为重症肺炎。文章分析AI在医疗中的局限与风险,呼吁公众认清AI辅助角色,强化医生诊疗主导权,并加强对AI涉及生命健康服务的监管。

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Why It Matters

文章引用11月3日央视新闻报道,一名家长带3岁孩子到浙江中医药大学附属第一医院儿科就诊,医生建议胸部X线检查,家长因信AI诊断而拒绝,数日后孩子发展为重症肺炎。文章还提到去年多部门联合印发的《关于促进和规范“人工智能+医疗卫生”应用发展的实施意见》,提出“智能辅助诊断、智能辅助决策”。

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据11月3日央视新闻报道,前不久,一名家长带着3岁的孩子前往浙江中医药大学附属第一医院儿科就诊,医生考虑孩子是哮喘并发肺部感染,建议患儿做胸部X线等检查,家长却以AI给出的诊断与医生不同为由,拒绝接受进一步检查,并带着孩子自行离开。但没过几天,这位家长再次带孩子前来就诊,此时患儿已发展为重症肺炎。

如今,遇事先问AI已成为很多人的选择和习惯,一些包括交互式问答在内的AI工具,确实能给用户提供详细分析和满意建议,不少医生也肯定AI在寻医问药方面的能力。然而,“当AI建议与医生诊断不同时,究竟该听谁的”便成为一个争议话题。上述案例中患者家长不信医生信AI导致病情加重,是值得关注的案例。

医生既有专业资质,又有临床经验,还有医院“背书”,按说患者应相信医生。但不少人被AI看似“无所不能”“无比正确”的表象所迷惑,当医生给出不同诊断时,一些患者较难改变对AI的盲信。实际上,如今AI技术仍不成熟,可能存在幻觉、算法偏见等问题。

不信医生只信AI,不仅可能为生命健康安全“埋雷”,也为传统线下就医模式、医患信任带来了新挑战。此外,这一现象也折射出目前交互式问答AI工具在回答涉生命健康问题时,安全风险警示性不足。对患方、医疗机构以及相关AI工具运营商而言,上述案例不失为一堂警示课。

患方要看到AI存在局限性,不是所有提问AI都能给出正确解答。如果盲目相信AI,轻则可能耽误病情、增加就医成本,重则可能面临生命健康损失风险。如果说AI时代公众需要提升自身修养,那么便不应只是提升使用AI的能力,更要提升认知AI局限性、风险性等能力。医疗机构也要反思部分患方为何不信医生信AI,它或许与AI营造的“万能”假象迷惑性很强有关。除此之外,恐怕也与一些地方和医疗机构仍存在的过度检查、过度治疗等现象有关。

至于AI运营商,则既要以严谨态度、规范宣传来推广自家产品,也要持续打磨产品解决AI幻觉、算法偏见等问题,提升服务质量、降低错误率,更要以多种方式提醒用户AI推荐仅供参考,且存在风险隐患,尤其是涉及生命健康、财产安全的问答。

从监管角度分析,有必要以问题为导向进一步强化医生的价值,明确AI的辅助角色。去年多部门联合印发的《关于促进和规范“人工智能+医疗卫生”应用发展的实施意见》已提出“智能辅助诊断、智能辅助决策”,此外还要强化医生在诊疗中的主导权、决定权,并向公众宣传普及“医生为主、AI为辅”的常识,对AI在涉及生命健康方面的不规范服务,要加强监管。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 监管部门将加强对AI在涉及生命健康领域服务的规范与监管

    Likely · Within months

  • 医疗机构将加强对患者的科普宣传,普及“医生为主、AI为辅”的常识

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 该家长具体使用了哪款AI工具?
  • AI给出了什么样的诊断建议?
  • 孩子目前的病情恢复情况如何?
  • 相关医疗机构或AI运营商是否已采取后续措施?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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