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BackAI基建投資狂潮來襲 礦產供給缺口擴大
AI基建投資狂潮來襲 礦產供給缺口擴大
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自由时报2 hours agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

AI基建投資狂潮來襲 礦產供給缺口擴大

貝皞晨:AI資料中心用銅量龐大,黃金在分散風險上扮演更關鍵角色

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貝萊德iShares在「臺灣週」舉辦「Level up ETF 國際論壇:全球視野 領航未來」。貝萊德全球基本面股票策略亞太區主管貝皞晨指出,AI與基礎建設帶動的資本支出熱潮與礦產供給結構性落差,可能帶動大宗商品迎來新一輪超級週期,黃金在分散風險上扮演更關鍵角色。

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Why It Matters

貝萊德iShares在「臺灣週」舉辦「Level up ETF 國際論壇:全球視野 領航未來」,貝萊德全球基本面股票策略亞太區主管貝皞晨發表關於AI、基礎建設與大宗商品的市場展望。

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貝萊德iShares今舉辦「Level up ETF 國際論壇:全球視野 領航未來」。

〔記者吳欣恬/台北報導〕貝萊德iShares此次在「臺灣週」舉辦「Level up ETF 國際論壇:全球視野 領航未來」。貝萊德全球基本面股票策略亞太區主管貝皞晨指出,AI與基礎建設帶動的資本支出熱潮,正與長期受限的礦產供給形成結構性落差,大宗商品可望迎來新一輪超級週期,而黃金則在分散風險上扮演更關鍵的角色。

貝皞晨表示,市值前五大超大規模雲端業者的資本支出,預估將由2025年的約3800億美元,躍升至2026年的近7800億美元,同期全球礦業資本支出僅約590億美元,眼見AI基礎建設的投資速度,遠大於礦業供給的成長,AI資料中心從機櫃、場區到電網都需要用銅,每GW用銅量約達35噸,且低碳能源的用銅密集度也高於化石燃料,離岸風電每MW需用銅約6噸。

在供給面,貝皞晨指出,礦場從開發到投產平均需要17年,時程較30年前增為3倍,統計2015年規劃中的銅礦專案,至今僅有25%完成開發;而截至2025年底,銅供給中斷已占全球供給約7%,2026年銅礦產量更可能出現2017年以來首度下滑。鋁市場同樣吃緊,中國產量逼近4500萬噸的產能上限,中東約9%的全球供給也面臨風險,預估短缺將逐年擴大。

各國政府為降低對中國關鍵礦產的依賴,紛紛加碼投入。美國政府近年來將關鍵礦產視為國家安全的核心,並透過多個政府部門投入了數百億美元的巨額資金,旨在建立戰略儲備、加速本土開採與精煉。

貝皞晨提醒,如今美股評價與集中度偏高,MSCI全球指數前10大成分股的權重已升至約41%,而傳統60比40的投資組合,在過去5年的分散效果明顯減弱。看好央行購金需求自2022年起連續多年維持在約1000噸以上的高檔,黃金占全球央行儲備的比重也持續攀升,成為金價重要支撐。

貝皞晨認為,黃金股對金價具槓桿效果,金礦商的自由現金流隨金價走高而顯著增加,同時持續維持資本紀律,淨負債/EBITDA比率已降至淨現金水準。雖然黃金與大宗商品短期在升息預期下會有波動,但在AI、地緣政治與債務壓力交織的環境下,大宗商品與黃金值得投資人納入長期配置。

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What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 2026年銅礦產量可能出現2017年以來首度下滑

    Possible · Within months

  • 大宗商品與黃金值得投資人納入長期配置

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 論壇具體舉辦日期與地點
  • 貝皞晨的具體國籍
  • 美國政府投入數百億美元的具體時間表與部門名稱

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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