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Back美国机构指控中国AI公司系统性窃取美国模型技术
美国机构指控中国AI公司系统性窃取美国模型技术
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德国之声49 minutes agoTech3 min readChinaView translation

美国机构指控中国AI公司系统性窃取美国模型技术

美国网络安全与基础设施安全局称DeepSeek、月之暗面等公司利用“蒸馏”技术非法复制美国AI系统

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美国网络安全与基础设施安全局指控DeepSeek、月之暗面等中国AI公司通过“蒸馏”技术系统性窃取美国模型能力。此举旨在争夺科技霸权,预计将成为即将举行的特习会重要议题。

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Why It Matters

美国政府及AI企业长期指责中国公司通过“蒸馏”技术非法获取美国模型能力。此指控正值中美高层会晤前夕,引发广泛关注。

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(德国之声中文网)美国网络安全与基础设施安全局等机构本周二(9月8日)表示,中国的顶尖人工智能公司,其中包括 DeepSeek 和 Moonshot AI(月之暗面),系统性地窃取美国模型的技术,其目的是争夺科技霸权。

法新社预测,以上警告宣布在习近平访美并将同特朗普总统举行峰会前夕,因此,很可能人工智能将成为特习会的重要议题。

一段时间以来,美国政府和美国AI公司多次指责,中国企业通过一种被称为“蒸馏”(distillation)的过程,窃取人工智能技术。

网络安全与基础设施安全局隶属于美国国土部。周二发布的通告写道,“中国的AI公司正在系统性地提取美国AI公司模型所特有的功能和能力。”通告指出,它们“使用工业规模的知识蒸馏行动,这构成它们AI发展战略的核心,而不仅仅是辅助手段”。

“蒸馏”是指训练一个AI模型去模仿另一个规模更大、能力更强的模型的输出结果。这种方法在业内广泛采用,但华盛顿方面表示,中国企业将其大规模用于非法复制美国系统。

通告称,采用这种策略的中国公司,“明显缩短了AI开发周期,降低训练前沿模型所需的资金投入”。

这一通告还详细描述了DeepSeek、Moonshot AI、阿里巴巴、MiniMax、StepFun和Z.AI等公司,如何涉嫌利用数百万次的互动和请求,窃取OpenAI、Anthropic、谷歌和 xAI等美国公司模型的能力;文件称,这些行动“很可能是在中国政府知情的情况下”进行的,最晚2024年下半年已经开始。

在中国AI模型日益成功之际,特朗普面临的压力也越来越大。包括许多美国公司在内的企业,青睐性价比更高的中国模型,而不是Anthropic或OpenAI那些功能虽更强大、但价格也更昂贵的美国版本。

今年7月,数十家初创企业致信特朗普政府,敦促在考虑禁止或严格限制外国AI模型时审时度势,建议道,如非限制不可,那么只局限于政府部门。也是在7月,北京反手回击,指责美国的AI利用中国的样本来训练自己的模型。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 人工智能将成为特习会的重要议题

    Very likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 美国政府将采取何种具体制裁措施?
  • 中国政府将如何回应此次指控?

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This article was originally published by 德国之声.

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