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Back台灣陸軍考慮以通用黑鷹搭載Altius-700M無人機取代傳統武裝直升機
台灣陸軍考慮以通用黑鷹搭載Altius-700M無人機取代傳統武裝直升機
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自由时报1 hour agoDefense2 min readChinaView translation

台灣陸軍考慮以通用黑鷹搭載Altius-700M無人機取代傳統武裝直升機

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台灣陸軍原計畫採購30架攻擊型黑鷹直升機並改裝現役通用機,但美軍成功以UH-60M黑鷹空中發射Anduril Altius-700M無人機,展現防區外不對稱作戰優勢。鑑於台灣海峽高密度防空威脅,通用黑鷹載無人機方案具備更遠射程、更高生存率與戰術彈性,且成本低於專用攻擊機。台灣已於2026年8月簽署採購1,554架Altius-700M無人機,建議將資源投入現役黑鷹升級,發展適合未來作戰的空射無人機戰術。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

台灣陸軍原計畫採購30架攻擊型黑鷹直升機並將現役30架通用型黑鷹進行武裝改裝,以補強因資源移撥而不足的空中兵力。然而,傳統武裝方案依賴地獄火飛彈等近距離武器,使直升機必須進入高風險防空區內進行目標導引。

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陸軍先前評估向美採購30架「攻擊型黑鷹直升機」,同時將現役30架「通用型黑鷹直升機」也進行改裝,強化整體作戰能量。圖為攻擊型黑鷹直升機發射AGM-114「地獄火」反裝甲飛彈。(圖:取自塞考斯基公司網站)

〔記者羅添斌/台北報導〕面對近年兩岸情勢緊張,我國陸軍為補強因移撥而吃緊的黑鷹直升機空中兵力,先前頻頻傳出評估增購30架「攻擊型/武裝型黑鷹直升機」,或採購傳統武裝套件來升級現役通用黑鷹。然而,美軍近期成功首度以UH-60M「黑鷹」直升機在空中實彈試射Anduril公司的「Altius-700」系列無人機,展現出強大的「空中發射效應」(A-LE)。這項科技突破,為正在苦思如何提升不對稱戰力的台灣陸軍,提供了另一條更符合未來作戰需求、性價比更高的戰力轉型新思維。

如果將陸軍過去規劃的「傳統武裝黑鷹」與新興的「通用黑鷹搭載Altius-700M無人機」放在天平兩端,兩者在作戰邏輯上存在著根本性的世代差異。傳統武裝黑鷹主要依賴地獄火飛彈、火箭彈或機砲,其本質是「防區內」的近身肉搏戰。相反地,黑鷹搭配空射無人機則是現代「有人與無人協同」(MUM-T)的「防區外」不對稱戰術,直升機本身在百公里外放飛無人機後即可安全返航,由無人機去深入險境衝鋒陷陣。

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美軍成功運用UH-60M「黑鷹」直升機在空中發射Anduril公司的「Altius-700」系列無人機,並精確命中目標。(圖:取自Anduril公司發佈影片)

若從台灣面臨的戰場環境與未來作戰需求來看,「通用黑鷹 + Altius-700M無人機」的科技跳代方案,顯然比採購傳統武裝黑鷹更具勝算。 台灣海峽戰時的防空威脅密度極高,不論是共軍登陸船團的野戰防空,或是灘頭的單兵便攜式防空飛彈(MANPADS),對直升機都是致命威脅。武裝黑鷹發射地獄火飛彈的射程僅約10公里,代表直升機必須飛到前線暴露在敵火下導引飛彈;而Altius-700M航程高達160公里,黑鷹只要在台灣本島中央山脈掩護的安全空域內放飛,就能隔空獵殺海峽中線的敵軍,生存率有天壤之別。

除了戰場生存性,戰術彈性與成本也是無人機模式勝出的關鍵。採購全新的專用攻擊型直升機動輒斥資數百億元,且平時維護成本高昂。若採用美軍模式,國軍現有的通用黑鷹平時依舊可以執行運兵、物資運補與搜救任務,戰時只要加裝外掛武器架與任務電腦,就能一秒化身為「空中無人機母艦」與網路化打擊節點。這種「一機多用」的配置,不僅大幅分攤了國防預算壓力,也能讓敵軍更難捉摸我軍的戰術意圖,真正達到分散式殺傷的效果。

台灣在2026年8月已經正式與美國簽署軍售發價書採購1,554架Altius-700M反裝甲攻擊型無人機,雖然國軍目前規劃將這批無人機優先配發給陸軍地面部隊,但美軍的成功經驗無疑指明了未來的升級方向。與其回頭追求有被擊落風險的傳統武裝直升機,陸軍更應前瞻未來20年的戰場趨勢,將資源投入在現役黑鷹的軟硬體升級上,發展出屬於台灣的「空射無人機」戰術。這不僅能將1500多架無人機的戰力發揮到極致,更是實現濱海決勝、拒敵於彼岸最犀利的科技解方。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 台灣陸軍將在未來12至24個月內啟動通用黑鷹直升機載Altius-700M無人機的改裝試驗計畫

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 台灣是否會改變原計畫,將通用黑鷹升級為載Altius-700M無人機的平台?
  • 國軍地面部隊是否仍會優先接收已採購的1,554架Altius-700M無人機?
  • 將通用黑鷹改造成空中無人機母艦所需的任務電腦與武器掛架升級成本與時間表為何?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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