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Back美伊戰爭物價狂飆 BBC揭共和黨期中選舉慘敗5原因
美伊戰爭物價狂飆 BBC揭共和黨期中選舉慘敗5原因
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自由时报26 minutes agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

美伊戰爭物價狂飆 BBC揭共和黨期中選舉慘敗5原因

BBC剖析物價飆漲、美伊戰爭與少數族裔選票倒戈等關鍵因素

Quick Look

美國民主黨在期中選舉橫掃參眾兩院,痛失國會主導權的共和黨被視為選民對川普入主白宮兩年施政的強烈否定。物價飆漲、美伊戰爭、少數族裔選票倒戈等因素重創共和黨選情,其中近八成選民認為通膨造成經濟困境,逾六成認為物價高於往常是川普政策所致。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國民主黨在期中選舉橫掃參眾兩院,執政黨共和黨痛失國會兩院主導權。BBC分析指出,物價飆漲、美伊戰爭以及少數族裔選票倒戈回流,都是重創共和黨選情的關鍵因素。此次選舉結果被外界視為全美選民對川普入主白宮兩年來施政的強烈否定。

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民主黨在美國期中選舉橫掃參眾兩院。英國廣播公司(BBC)剖析,美伊戰爭引發物價飆漲、民主黨緊扣民生議題,加上少數族裔選票倒戈回流等,都是重創共和黨選情的關鍵。

BBC報導,執政黨在期中選舉通常表現不佳,但共和黨這次敗得如此慘烈,不僅痛失國會兩院主導權,更被外界視為全美選民對總統川普入主白宮2年來施政的一大強烈否定。

● 生活成本持續飆漲

從美國東岸到西岸,各地選民正飽受民生必需品價格飆漲所苦,關鍵選區的民怨更是明顯。北卡羅來納州(North Carolina)一名選民選前告訴BBC「油價、菜價,什麼都在漲」,並稱這次選舉已從支持共和黨改投民主黨。

在燃料與能源價格飆漲下,截至今年9月,美國過去1年物價上漲3.7%;官方數據顯示,10月初全美零售柴油平均價格已逼近9月份創下的每加侖6.52美元(約新台幣213元)歷史高點。

選民民調顯示,近8成選民表示,通膨在過去1年讓他們和家人陷入嚴重或中度的經濟困境;逾6成受訪者更認為物價高於往常是川普的政策造成。

● 不得民心的美伊戰爭

美伊戰爭是物價飆漲的一大主因,隨伊朗封鎖荷莫茲海峽(Strait of Hormuz),美國選民至今仍在加油站付出代價。

事實證明,美國民眾普遍不支持這場戰爭;對於「讓美國再度偉大」(MAGA)的共和黨選民而言,這也形同違背川普「美國優先」(America First)競選政見中,不再發動戰爭的承諾。

選民民調中,約6成受訪者認為美國對伊朗採取軍事行動是錯誤決定;另有超過7成選民表示,這場衝突是左右他們國會選舉投票的關鍵或主要因素。

● 民主黨訴求嚴謹聚焦

民主黨這波勝選浪潮,要歸功於幾名給人真誠印象的強勢候選人,在共和黨傳統票倉尤其明顯;他們在選戰中始終緊扣生活成本與就醫權益2大核心議題。

在南卡羅來納州(South Carolina),民主黨的安德魯斯(Annie Andrews)爆冷勝選。曾是小兒科醫師的她主打讓民眾看得起病,在許多人認為醫療體系已經崩壞的美國引起共鳴。

公衛專家塞德(Abdul El-Sayed)在密西根州(Michigan)勝選,為民主黨守住這席聯邦參議員席次,他將「讓金錢退出政治,把錢放進你的口袋」作為關鍵競選口號。

在喬治亞州(Georgia)連任成功的民主黨籍聯邦參議員奧索夫(Jon Ossoff),則以生活成本和貪腐為核心訴求。現年39歲的奧索夫在川普2度勝選的喬州輕鬆大勝,勢必將進一步助長外界看好他角逐2028年總統大選的聲浪。

● 川普效應失靈拖累共和黨

選民最不滿的2大議題,物價飆漲和美伊戰爭都直接和川普有關。川普的支持度在共和黨選民內部也出現下滑,使得部分2024年曾支持他的州格外岌岌可危。

選前幾個月的民調顯示,許多美國民眾希望川普多關注他們對物價飆漲的憂慮。然而,川普2日在華府發表選前最後演說時,卻花了大量篇幅談身後林肯紀念堂倒反射池(Reflecting Pool)備受爭議的整修工程。

儘管川普曾呼籲選民想像他本人就在選票上,但部分人士認為,這次選舉結果顯示川普品牌的光環可能正在褪色。在民怨升高之際,川普讓自己成為共和黨競選主軸的做法,本身就是一步險棋,如今看來更適得其反。

● 拉美裔與非裔選民倒戈回流

2年前,部分拉美裔與非裔選民轉向支持共和黨,助川普取得決定性勝利,但這次期中選舉情勢似乎逆轉;在德州與墨西哥邊界沿線、拉美裔占絕大多數的選區,民主黨一口氣包辦3席聯邦眾議員。

「紐約時報」(New York Times)分析,和2024年總統大選相比,拉美裔過半的郡在聯邦參議員選舉中,選票向民主黨傾斜的幅度超過22個百分點;數據分析記者艾德森(Jeff Adelson)表示,這是全美主要族群中變動最大的。

這波轉向正值美國民眾普遍對移民執法不滿之際,皮尤研究中心(Pew Research Center)調查顯示,56%美國民眾對美國移民暨海關執法局(ICE)觀感不佳。

非裔過半的郡在聯邦參議員選舉中,也明顯轉向支持民主黨候選人。(編譯:張茗喧)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 民主黨將在國會兩院推動生活成本與就醫權益相關立法

    Likely · Within months

  • 外界對奧索夫角逐2028年總統大選的聲浪將進一步助長

    Possible · Within months

Open Questions

  • 民主黨在國會兩院取得主導權後,將如何推動生活成本與就醫權益議題?
  • 川普品牌光環褪色是否會影響其未來政治前景,包括2028年總統大選可能性?
  • 拉美裔與非裔選民倒戈回流是否會持續,還是僅為本次選舉的短期現象?

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