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Back国庆假期出入境生物安全提醒:严禁私自携带动植物及遗传材料
国庆假期出入境生物安全提醒:严禁私自携带动植物及遗传材料
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中国新闻网1 hour agoHealth3 min readChinaView translation

国庆假期出入境生物安全提醒:严禁私自携带动植物及遗传材料

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国庆小长假期间,海关提醒旅客出入境须严守生物安全规定,禁止私自携带动植物、种子及生物遗传材料,否则将面临法律责任。文中指出,近年非法携带‘异宠’、境外苗木及非法采集人血样等行为屡禁不止,严重威胁国家生态安全、农业生产和生物主权。

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Why It Matters

国庆小长假期间出入境人员增多,海关加强对动植物及生物遗传材料的检疫监管,以防外来入侵物种和非法遗传资源流失威胁国家生物安全。

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国庆小长假来临,不少人选择了出境旅游。无论是出境还是入境,都要绷紧生物安全这根弦,这些红线千万不能踩!

出入海关,这些东西不可私自隐瞒

依据有关法律法规,我国对进出境的动植物、动植物产品和其他检疫物实施检疫审批、查验监管。然而,仍有部分人员法律意识淡薄,心存侥幸,采取隐匿夹带、虚假申报等方式违规携带有关物项出入境,严重危害国家安全。

——异宠”不能任性宠。近年来,部分追求新潮的宠物爱好者兴起饲养“异宠”的热潮,未经许可藏匿携带入境的现象屡禁不止。2025年全年,全国海关从进境携带、寄递等渠道查获外来物种5439批次;仅2026年一季度,就查获了1000余只“异宠”,包括甲虫、蜘蛛等节肢动物,蛙、蝾螈等两栖动物,蜥蜴、蛇等爬行动物。这类活体动物及标本出入境,均须完成完整检疫与审批手续。

——苗木不可随便带。除“异宠”外,部分境外植物外形独特、观赏性强,在消费市场上备受青睐。有的人认为,从国外购买新奇的花草种子回来种植,纯属个人爱好;也有人把国内特色种苗、种子当“土特产”带出境送人。今年5月,我国海关在申报为“个人物品”的邮件中查获50包混合种子,每包重500克,内含大量大麻种子。此外,各地海关还查获多起旅客通过隐蔽藏匿、伪装成礼品等方式携带植物苗木入境的案件,这些植物苗木未按规定申报、接受检疫,潜藏多重国家安全风险。

——基因不能违规泄。在基因科技快速发展的背景下,国家安全边界已扩展至生命信息领域。近年来,个别境外组织以“旅游”“科考”为名,深入我国生态敏感区,或借“医疗检测”非法采集人血样,窃取我国基因资源与研究数据。2025年,广州海关破获特大走私孕妇血样系列案,斩断涉及全国23个省份的跨境黑色产业链,有力保护了我国人类遗传资源安全。

警钟长鸣,洞悉非法走私的危害

生物安全是总体国家安全观的重点领域之一。无论是非法携带外来物种入境,还是私运本土生物、遗传资源出境,都会对生态环境、农业生产、公共卫生和生物安全造成危害:

——破坏生态平衡。外来入侵物种通常缺少原生天敌制约,易快速繁殖扩散,通过捕食本土物种、抢占生态位、挤压本土生物生存空间等方式破坏生态平衡;外来遗传物质若经杂交渗入本土种群,则可能导致本土种群适应能力和遗传多样性降低。

——威胁农业生产。外来入侵物种可能会啃食作物、破坏农林设施,造成减产甚至绝收,后期治理成本高、周期漫长;我国特有农作物、野生种质资源流至境外,会削弱育种核心优势,冲击国家粮食安全根基。

——危及生物安全。生物遗传资源是国家战略资源,关乎民族存续和长远发展。我国的多民族人类遗传资源、特有珍稀生物种质属于国家核心战略资源,一旦非法出境,将直接损害我国生物主权。

齐心协力,共筑生物安全防线

守护生物安全就是守护我们赖以生存的家园,让我们共同努力,为维护国家生物安全贡献力量。

——理性观赏,切勿携带。出境旅游时,请勿私自携带动物、植物、种子等;入境时同样不要“捎带”生物材料。我国法律明确规定,未经检疫审批,禁止携带、邮寄活体动植物、种子苗木及生物遗传材料入境。

——如实申报,配合查验。因科研、教学等需引入或输出生物材料的,应提前向海关、农业农村、科技等部门申请许可,如实申报并接受检疫。隐瞒、夹藏属违法行为,将被依法追究责任。

Open Questions

  • 具体有哪些部门负责生物遗传资源的审批?
  • 对首次违规携带生物材料的人员是否有从宽处理政策?
  • 海关目前使用什么技术手段检测隐藏的生物材料?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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