
作者陳高川指出,帶狀疱疹(俗稱皮蛇)對高齡長者造成劇痛及長期神經痛,影響生活品質甚至導致失能。目前公費補助僅針對流行性傳染病,衛福部以「非群聚傳染」為由拒絕將弱勢長者納入帶狀疱疹疫苗公費補助,但多個地方縣市已自行補助。作者呼籲衛福部應將弱勢長者納入公費補助對象,並考量預防帶狀疱疹可減少急診、住院、止痛藥物及長照資源使用,實為具高回報的公共衛生投資。
AI-generated summary
帶狀疱疹(俗稱皮蛇)是由水痘病毒再激活引起的皮膚病,發作時會造成劇痛,後續可能引發疱疹後神經痛,持續數月甚至數年,尤其對高齡長者影響嚴重。目前市面上有效的帶狀疱疹疫苗需施打兩劑,費用高達上萬元,對中低收入長者構成經濟負擔。
◎ 陳高川
俗稱「皮蛇」的帶狀疱疹,曾看過身邊長輩發作的人,無不對其折磨心有餘悸。皮蛇發作時劇痛難當,後續引發的「疱疹後神經痛」更常持續數月甚至數年。這對高齡長者而言,不僅是生理上的酷刑,更往往是生活品質崩潰、走向失能的起點。
目前市面上成效顯著的帶狀疱疹疫苗需完整施打兩劑,費用動輒上萬元。這筆費用對一般家庭已非小數字,對中低收入與弱勢長者來說,更是一座無法跨越的經濟高牆。
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目前市面上成效顯著的帶狀疱疹疫苗需完整施打2劑,費用動輒上萬元。對中低收入與弱勢長者來說,是一座無法跨越的經濟高牆;示意圖。(圖取自Shutterstock)
地方能做,中央豈能用舊思維推託?
筆者日前致信衛福部,建議將弱勢長者納入公費帶狀疱疹疫苗補助對象。然而官方回覆卻稱:經專家會議討論,因該病「非屬流行性傳染病且群聚風險低」,故未納入公費,這種回應顯然停留在傳統傳染病防護的舊思維。
目前已有多個地方縣市,早自籌預算補助弱勢長者接種。但仍有一些縣市,包括六都中的高雄和台中,尚未列帶狀皰疹疫苗為公費補助,這種「同國不同命」的差別待遇,顯然已成為健康權益上的不公平。預防勝於治療,中央主管機關豈能以「非群聚傳染」為理由自我限縮,不訂定出一套一致性的全國弱勢補助政策?
預防皮蛇,就是幫長照體系減壓
帶狀疱疹雖不具大流行風險,但其引發的併發症對「長照體系」與「健保資源」的衝擊卻極為巨大。長者若因劇痛導致嚴重失眠、憂鬱甚至失能,往往需要家人辭職照顧,或申請政府長照資源進駐。這無疑讓原本就緊繃的長照防線雪上加霜,更可能讓貧困家庭陷入「因病致貧、因照顧而失業」的惡性循環。
據悉疾管署正在進行相關成本效益評估。誠摯呼籲衛福部與專家們,評估不應只算「買疫苗要花多少錢」,更要把「省下來的急診、住院、止痛藥物與長照人力成本」算進去。
把公費補助開給弱勢長者,不僅是實現健康平權,更是精明且具高度回報的公共衛生投資。別讓上萬元的疫苗費用,成為壓垮弱勢家庭與長照體系的最後一根稻草。
筆者呼籲衛福部,評估將弱勢長者納入公費帶狀疱疹疫苗補助對象,不應只算「買疫苗要花多少錢」,更要把急診、住院、止痛藥物與長照人力成本算進去。(資料照)
(作者為服務業、關心高齡福利之民眾)
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
衛福部將在成本效益評估完成後,重新檢討將弱勢長者納入帶狀疱疹疫苗公費補助的可能性。
Possible · Within months

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