
中國二手車經銷商拒收五年以上電動車,電池壽命擔憂恐波及全球市場
中國作為全球最大電動車市場,因缺乏電池健康評估標準,二手車經銷商拒收車齡五年以上電動車。此現象導致保值率大幅下滑,隨著中國電動車出口增加,此估價難題恐將影響歐洲及東南亞等海外市場。
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中國擁有全球最大的電動車市場,目前道路上有4400萬輛電動車,成為全球首個面臨電動車大規模老化的國家。
中國是全球最大的電動車市場,也是全球首個電動車大量老化的國家。
你覺得你的電動車保值嗎?中國有一些壞消息要告訴你。全球最大的電動車市場美國的二手車經銷商,正在拒絕出售車齡5年的汽車,這暴露出電池焦慮問題,而這個問題下一個也將影響到西方的買家。
起因來自中國的二手車經銷商為電動車設定了使用期限。根據國際能源總署發布的《全球電動車展望》報告,中國約五分之四的二手車經銷商拒絕接收車齡超過五年的純電動車,因為擔心電池壽命和更換成本。
中國汽車經銷商協會的數據顯示,目前中國車齡三年的電動車二手售價約為原價的45%,低於2023年的近55%。
十年來,中國一直是全球最大的電動車市場,目前道路上行駛著4400萬輛電動車。這使其成為全球首個電動車大量老化的國家。
然而,據業內專家稱,由於缺乏衡量電動車最昂貴零件,即電池健康狀況的公認方法,中國經銷商無法可靠地為二手電動車定價。進口中國電動車的國家也將面臨同樣的估價難題,因為這些車輛使用年限將達到五年。
國際能源總署報告稱,去年中國汽車製造商出口電動車超過250萬輛,是前一年的兩倍。歐洲是最大的市場,其次是東南亞。目前,中國汽車佔歐洲和美國以外國家電動車銷售的55%。
阿聯獨立汽車顧問哈什·查圖爾維迪(Harsh Chaturvedi)告訴《世界其他地區》雜誌,海灣地區的買家在五年後都會退縮,因為里程數增加,電池保固期即將結束。「五年後,客戶的興趣會顯著下降,」查圖爾維迪說。查圖爾維迪曾是印度電動車隊公司MyEVPlus的共同創辦人兼營運者。
美國汽車搜尋公司iSeeCars的執行分析師卡爾·布勞爾(Karl Brauer)指出 ,分析師、貸款機構和租賃公司會計算汽車在三年和五年(典型的租賃和貸款期限)後的貶值幅度。他表示,電動車在這些計算中貶值更快,因為新買家會為最新技術以及汽車所代表的身份象徵支付額外費用,就像他們為豪華品牌標誌支付的費用一樣。布勞爾說:「二手車買家更加註重性價比」。
電池保固問題加劇人們的擔憂,也解釋為什麼經銷商不願意收購舊款電動車。查圖爾維迪表示,製造商通常為電池提供八年或16萬公里的保修,而更換電池的費用可能相當於新車價格的三分之一。車齡每增加一年,保固期就會縮短,一旦保固期結束,電池故障的費用就得由車主負擔。
布勞爾表示,檢查電池健康狀況很簡單,任何現代電動車都可以透過標準診斷端口報告電池狀況,現在還有第三方服務機構對結果進行認證。查圖爾維迪指出,二手車經銷商很少會詢問這些讀數,價格仍取決於車齡、里程數、剩餘保固期和車型口碑,而這些都無法反映電池的真實狀況。

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