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Back만성폐쇄성폐질환(COPD) 환자, 2년 이상 금연 시 우울증 위험 34% 감소
만성폐쇄성폐질환(COPD) 환자, 2년 이상 금연 시 우울증 위험 34% 감소
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연합뉴스36 minutes agoHealth2 min readSouth Korea

만성폐쇄성폐질환(COPD) 환자, 2년 이상 금연 시 우울증 위험 34% 감소

서울성모병원·서울대병원 공동 연구팀, 장기 금연이 정신건강 보호의 핵심임을 확인

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COPD 환자가 2년 이상 금연을 지속할 경우 우울증 발생 위험이 34% 감소하며, 중증 환자의 경우 60%까지 낮아진다는 연구 결과가 발표되었습니다. 단순 금연 시도보다 장기적인 금연 유지가 정신건강 회복에 결정적인 역할을 하는 것으로 나타났습니다.

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Why It Matters

COPD 환자의 흡연 행태와 우울증 발생 간의 상관관계를 2003년부터 2014년까지의 데이터를 통해 분석함.

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만성폐쇄성폐질환(COPD) 환자가 금연을 2년 이상 지속하면 우울증 발생 위험이 줄어든다는 연구 결과가 나왔다. 특히 중증 COPD 환자에서는 장기 금연에 따른 우울증 발생 위험이 약 60% 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다.

서울성모병원 가정의학과 신현영 교수와 서울대병원 가정의학과 박상민 교수 공동 연구팀은 국민건강보험공단 자료를 토대로 2003년부터 2014년 사이 새롭게 COPD를 진단받은 성인 5천671명을 8∼9년 추적 관찰해 이러한 사실을 확인했다고 11일 밝혔다.

이 기간에 총 603명에게서 우울증이 새롭게 발생했다. 신규 우울증은 병원에서 진단받고 항우울제 처방이 이뤄진 경우로 정의했다.

연구팀은 대상자들을 COPD 진단 전후 흡연 행태에 따라 ▲ 계속 흡연군(진단 전후 지속 흡연) ▲ 단기 금연군(진단 후 금연 기간 2년 미만) ▲ 장기 금연군(진단 후 2년 이상 금연 유지) ▲ 비흡연군 등 네 개 그룹으로 나눠 비교했다.

그 결과 진단 후 2년 이상 금연을 지속한 장기 금연군은 계속 흡연군보다 우울증이 새로 발생할 위험이 34% 감소했다.

우울증 발생 위험을 떨어뜨리는 효과는 오직 2년 이상 금연을 지속한 장기 금연군에서만 나타났다. 금연 기간이 2년이 되지 않은 단기 금연군은 물론 애초에 담배를 피우지 않았던 비흡연군조차 계속 흡연군과 비교해 우울증 발생 위험에 차이가 없었다.

연구팀은 '충분히 오래 금연을 지속하는 행위'가 정신건강 보호의 핵심으로 작용한다는 사실을 시사하는 대목이라고 봤다. 단순한 금연 시도만으로는 효과가 없고, 최소 2년 이상 꾸준히 유지해야 정신건강 측면에서 이점이 나타날 수 있다는 것이다.

금연의 정신건강 보호 효과는 중증 COPD 환자에게서 더욱 두드러졌다.

중증 COPD 환자 중에서는 장기 금연군의 우울증 발생 위험이 계속 흡연군보다 약 60% 낮았다.

연구팀은 담배 속 니코틴이 뇌의 도파민, 세로토닌 같은 신경전달물질 분비를 교란하고 스트레스 호르몬 체계를 자극해 기분을 불안정하게 하므로, 오랜 기간 금연을 유지하면 이런 신경전달물질의 균형이 회복되고 몸속 염증도 줄어들 수 있다고 설명했다.

박상민 교수는 "이번 연구는 단순히 금연을 시도하는 것을 넘어 꾸준히 지속하는 것이 정신건강 측면에서 긍정적 의미가 있음을 보여준다"고 밝혔다.

연구 결과는 국제학술지 '호흡기 의학'(Respiratory Medicine)에 게재됐다.

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  • 2년 이상 금연 후 다시 흡연을 시작할 경우의 우울증 위험 변화

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