
美國8月核心CPI高於預期,聯準會面臨升息壓力,川普重申利率應為全球最低,引發政策獨立性疑慮。
美國8月核心CPI月增0.3%高於預期,聯準會預計於16日升息。川普重申美國利率應為全球最低,對聯準會主席華許施加政治壓力,試圖在期中大選前緩解選民對生活成本飆升的不滿。
AI-generated summary
美國8月核心CPI月增0.3%,高於市場預期。聯準會將於15至16日召開貨幣政策會議。
美國通膨居高不下,美國聯準會(Fed)在15至16日的例行貨幣政策會議後幾乎篤定升息,但總統川普13日重申美國利率應該為全球最低,可能使Fed主席華許與前任鮑爾(Jerome Powell)一樣,與川普陷入衝突。
美國8月核心消費者物價指數(CPI)月增0.3%,都超過7月和市場預估的0.2%,再加上能源價格反彈,市場預期Fed在16日會後升息的機率超過85%,這將使華許與再三施壓Fed調降利率的川普陷入衝突。
川普曾因Fed不願大幅調降利率而多次攻擊鮑爾,華許自5月就任以來,雖然尚未遭遇同樣的壓力,但川普最近幾週已針對Fed的政策立場暗示他的不滿。川普本月稍早時就揚言,若 Fed不降息,將停止與美國有貿易逆差的國家進行貿易,13日更再次重申美國的借貸成本應該是全球最低這個論點。
白宮內部的政治焦慮,進一步加劇了要求Fed降息的壓力。隨著美國11月期中大選即將到來,最新民調顯示,美國選民對不斷飆升的生活成本感到越來越不滿。即使降息可能要數個月才會真正反映在房貸或信用卡帳單上,較低利率仍可讓川普宣稱經濟紓困即將到來,並有助於將責任從政府身上轉移出去。
在美國選民即將於數週後投票之際,這使華許陷入制度與政治壓力的兩面夾擊中。
華府智庫「彼得森國際經濟研究所」(PIIE)高級研究員奧布斯菲爾德(Maurice Obstfeld)表示:「他們確實陷入了怎麼做都討不了好的局面,不是招致總統震怒,就是削弱自己在市場上的公信力,而後者可能會在未來引發更嚴重的通膨後果。但我不認為華許想成為那種在Fed職責面臨考驗時,向政府壓力低頭的Fed主席。」
此外,日本銀行將在9月17和18日召開例行貨幣政策會議,知情人士透露,只要未來幾天沒有出現重大經濟或金融市場衝擊,日銀很可能把短期政策利率再提高1碼(0.25個百分點)至1.25%,創下1995年以來最高水準,也是日銀6月升息後短短3個月內第二度出手。
AI outlook — possibilities, not facts
聯準會將於16日會後宣布升息
Likely · Within days
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