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Back“消费入座”,如何让商家不必两难?
“消费入座”,如何让商家不必两难?
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中国新闻网29 minutes agoBusiness5 min readChinaView translation

“消费入座”,如何让商家不必两难?

星巴克等品牌推行消费门槛后,公众讨论商业空间与公共休憩需求的边界

Quick Look

星巴克中国推行“消费入座”后,宜家、霸王茶姬、奈雪的茶等品牌跟进,引发公众广泛讨论。法律专家认为商家有权拒绝非消费者使用座位,但执行尺度难以把握。专家呼吁补齐城市公共休憩空间,让商家不必在人情与生意之间两难。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

星巴克中国发布《第三空间倡议》,宣布在全国门店推行“消费入座”,随后宜家、霸王茶姬、奈雪的茶等品牌的个别门店也开始跟进。此事引发了公众广泛讨论:有人认为座位是商家经营资源,优先留给付费顾客理所应当;也有人认为硬性划定消费门槛,会消解城市商业空间本可以具备的人文温度。

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既要劝导未消费客人,又怕催促引发冲突

“消费入座”,如何让商家不必两难?

午后,北京一家连锁咖啡店正值客流高峰,“消费入座”的提示牌醒目地摆放在店内桌台旁。一名店员走到一位没有购买任何饮品餐食的顾客桌边询问道:“请问您需要点单吗?如果不需要的话,我们这边消费才能入座。”如今,这样的场景正在各个店铺中频频上演。

近日,星巴克中国发布《第三空间倡议》,宣布在全国门店推行“消费入座”,随后宜家、霸王茶姬、奈雪的茶等品牌的个别门店也开始跟进。此事引发了公众广泛讨论:有人认为座位是商家经营资源,优先留给付费顾客理所应当;也有人认为硬性划定消费门槛,会消解城市商业空间本可以具备的人文温度。

一张小小的座椅背后,是商业生存和公共需求的拉扯,也是一道城市治理考题:该如何补齐公共休憩空间,让商家不必在人情与生意之间两难?

“消费入座”在法律上站得住脚

在北京朝阳的一家星巴克内,消费者高洋正品尝着咖啡。店面实施“消费入座”后,他最明显的感受是,周末终于能坐下喝一杯了。“以前周末约朋友出门都是在星巴克,去了很多次都是满座,只好点了之后拿着咖啡去逛街。”

不少消费者和高洋有着相似的遭遇,座位被长期占用,直接影响了消费者的使用体验。而在实际经营场景里,矛盾还不止“一座难求”。店内混杂的人员带来的秩序、卫生问题,同样成为很多到店消费者的现实困扰。

“我非常理解一些顾客的临时休息需求,但很难接受部分不消费的人员在店内大声喧哗、举止不讲卫生,进而影响其他到店客人。”消费者樊女士表示。

从事餐饮行业20多年的店主董先生十分支持“消费入座”。在他看来,如若无论消费与否都可落座,带来的除了卫生环境的破坏外,还有人力资源的浪费以及顾客信任度的损耗。

“先前店里面人太多,但是桌子上都没有吃的时,很多顾客会以为这是店家找的‘黄牛’给店里撑人气,对店面的声誉造成很大的负面影响。”董先生说道。

北京恒都律师事务所律师黄诗林在接受记者采访时表示,从法律上讲,商家提供的座位属于经营项目的配套,其有权拒绝非消费者的使用。座位可理解为一种“赠品”,与主商品共同构成交易的内容,在未消费主商品的情况下,自然无权要求赠品。

商业背后的人情“考题”

“消费入座”在法律上站得住脚,且品牌方在宣布新规时也强调“规则清晰,执行有温度”,但标准落到一线,尺度很难把握,很大程度依赖现场店员的应对。同样的情形,不同门店、不同工作人员,处理方式可能截然不同,这也为矛盾冲突埋下隐患。

10月22日,上海市民杨女士走进一家星巴克门店,店内座位充裕,她因临时要参加一场紧急线上会议,本打算会议结束后再下单。没想到短短一个半小时里,店员先后5次上前提醒她点单。杨女士认为,店员反复打扰让她倍感困扰,最终换到附近另一家门店消费。

对于这一现象,华东师范大学社会发展学院副教授忻晟熙在接受记者采访时表示,“消费入座”的争议不仅仅是商家经营权益与公众休憩需求之间的矛盾,也反映出不同社会群体对空间使用规范的理解上的错位。

面对这种错位,南京大学城市科学研究院执行院长胡小武认为,总体上应该维持商业空间的营利性和公益性的动态平衡。“高峰时段尽量尊重商家的利益考量,非高峰时段尊重顾客的公益诉求,这或许就是一种时间和空间上的边界选项。商家本身需要平衡经营权益和社会公益,这无可厚非,但可以做得更人性化和柔性化。”胡小武说道,当然还需要补齐公共休憩空间。

打造更多可供驻足休憩的公共空间

为探究城市临时休憩空间的现状,记者近日来到北京某商场。午高峰将至,几名外卖骑手蹲坐在离商场不远处地铁口的台阶上,更多人则直接倚靠在自己的外卖车上。

“我大多数时候还是坐在自己的摩托车上休息。”骑手耿先生向记者表示,“是有几个比较熟悉的驿站,但是也有很多地方不清楚应该坐在哪里,所以习惯性坐在车上了。”

“当前的‘消费入座’引发的争议,体现了城市免费公共休憩空间还存在总量供给不足、区域分布不均衡和社会倡导能力不足等短板。”胡小武分析道,“城市应当为普通人打造更多可供驻足休憩的公共空间。这既是衡量一座城市文明程度的重要标尺,更承载着有温度、有善意的建设理念,彰显出城市的包容底色与现代化气质。”

在忻晟熙看来,公共休憩空间是维系人与人、人与城市之间社会联系的“社会基础设施”。忻晟熙建议,城市规划应从以设施配置和空间覆盖为中心,转向以人为本,更加重视社会学调查和居民日常生活行为研究。他认为,未来城市公共空间应当从重建设转向重使用,增强服务和运营意识,通过更加开放的空间设计、明确的服务指引和灵活的开放时间,更好满足市民需求。同时,也应探索政府、企业、社区和社会组织协同运营的模式,在保障公益性和基本免费服务的前提下,提高设施的使用效率和长期维护能力。

记者 董鲁豫

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 更多品牌将跟进推行“消费入座”政策

    Likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 各品牌“消费入座”的具体执行标准和细则是什么?
  • 非高峰时段如何灵活执行该政策?
  • 政府将如何补齐城市公共休憩空间的供给不足?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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