
《中国统计年鉴2026》显示人口结构持续老龄化,出生率进一步下降
根据《中国统计年鉴2026》,中国老年抚养比升至23.1%,首次超过少儿抚养比。2025年全年出生人口为792万人,出生率为5.63‰,人口自然增长率为-2.41‰,显示出人口老龄化趋势加剧。
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中国在1980年至2015年底实施一孩政策。近年来虽放宽生育限制,但生育率持续走低。
(德国之声中文网)中国国家统计局近日公布的《中国统计年鉴2026》显示,去年中国全国0至14岁人口2.1276亿人,占总人口15.1%;65岁及以上人口2.2365亿人,占总人口15.9%;老年抚养比升至23.1%,首次超过少儿抚养比(22%)。
少儿抚养比是指某一人口中0~14岁少儿人口数与15~64岁劳动年龄人口数之比。老年抚养比是指一个国家或地区65岁及以上人群与15~64岁劳动年龄人口数之比。
如果两项指标都较低,意味着社会处于劳动力丰富、抚养负担低的阶段。
中国近年来老年抚养比迅速上升。2016年,中国老年抚养比为15%,到2021年首次突破20%,达20.8%。2024年老年抚养比升至22.8%,当年的少儿抚养比为23%。
中国近年来一直在为老龄化比例不断增加做好准备,同时敦促年轻一代结婚并生育更多孩子。在1980年至2015年底期间,中国实施备受争议的“一孩政策”,控制人口增长。尽管中国近年来放宽家庭规模限制,但生育率仍不断降低。根据《中国统计年鉴2026》及相关官方统计数据,中国2025年全年出生人口为792万人,出生率为5.63‰,人口自然增长率为-2.41‰。
研究人员认为,中国人口结构的变化可能预示着公共支出将更多地从家庭和学校领域,转向养老金和医疗保健领域。
根据欧盟统计局(EUROSTAT)的数据,2025年12月,德国的老年抚养比为35.90%。

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