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Back从这个“首次”看中国航天的大国担当
从这个“首次”看中国航天的大国担当
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中国新闻网35 minutes agoTech7 min readChinaView translation

从这个“首次”看中国航天的大国担当

神舟二十四号载人飞行任务将有1名巴基斯坦航天员以载荷专家身份参加,实现中国载人航天工程历史上首次中外航天员联合飞行。

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11月7日,中国载人航天工程办公室宣布神舟二十四号载人飞行任务将有1名巴基斯坦航天员以载荷专家身份参加。这是中国载人航天史上首次中外航天员联合飞行,标志着国际合作从项目层面上升至人员层面,展现了大国担当。

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Why It Matters

中国载人航天工程历史上首次中外航天员联合飞行,2025年2月中巴签署相关合作协议。

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马上评|从这个“首次”看中国航天的大国担当

11月7日,据中国载人航天工程办公室消息,神舟二十四号载人飞行任务将有1名巴基斯坦航天员以载荷专家身份参加,在完成短期在轨飞行后,随神舟二十三号载人飞船返回。这是中国载人航天工程历史上首次中外航天员联合飞行,中国空间站将迎来首位外籍航天员到访。

中国航天历史即将迎来的这个“首次”,具有标志性意义。这不仅在于外国人的直接参与开创了纪录本身,更在于它改变了中国航天国际合作的层级。

国际合作从项目层面上升到了人员层面

在此之前,中国空间站的国际合作主要形态是外国科学实验项目搭载上行,由中方航天员在轨代为操作。而外籍载荷专家进入空间站,则意味着合作从项目层面上升到了人员层面。

中国载人航天工程向来稳扎稳打,这次具有突破意义的国际合作,其实也不例外。

2025年2月,中巴在伊斯兰堡签署《关于选拔、训练巴基斯坦航天员并参与中国空间站飞行任务的合作协议》,正式启动巴基斯坦航天员选拔工作。如今,经过一系列严格筛选和评定的巴基斯坦航天员即将飞往中国空间站,合作进展之快、工作效率之高,令人赞叹。

更有意思的是,此时此刻,首位来自我国香港的载荷专家黎家盈还在我们的“头顶”。很快,她将和其他航天员一起,在中国空间站与首位外籍航天员会面。

接连有“新面孔”加入,指向的是同一套选拔与训练体系正在向更广的范围延伸。这说明,中国航天事业的开放,不是一次偶然的、孤立的姿态展示,而是一条早有规划,且已经有过验证、正在向外延伸的制度路径。

值得一提的是,首位外籍航天员,面向的不是航天能力最成熟的国家,而是一个航天基础相对薄弱的发展中国家。这体现出,中国空间站的门槛不以“航天强国俱乐部”的资格为前置条件,更接近一种通过合作本身来培育参与能力的路径,具有更大意义上的普惠性。

开放与合作的中国航天,展现大国担当

近年来,中国航天开放与合作的步伐越迈越大,乃至逐渐走向制度化,展现出鲜明的大国担当。

2022年初,国务院新闻办公室发布《2021中国的航天》白皮书,强调创新引领、协同高效、和平发展、合作共享四大发展原则。同年,国家航天局发布《中国航天推动构建新型空间探索与创新全球伙伴关系的行动声明》,提出将从八个方面推动构建平等互利、开放包容、和平利用、造福人类的新型空间探索与创新全球伙伴关系,助力构建外空领域人类命运共同体。

具体到中国空间站,在设计之初就考虑到了深远的国际合作潜能。早在2018年5月,中国载人航天工程办公室就与联合国外空司联合对外发布合作机会公告,邀请联合国各成员国积极参与未来中国空间站的空间科学应用国际合作。此前,中国空间站首轮国际合作,已经征集到27个国家提交的42份建议书,最终来自17个国家、23个机构的9个项目入选。

前不久,中国首飞航天员、载人航天工程副总设计师杨利伟在2026年国际宇航大会上更是明确表示,中国空间站将成为一个面向全球科学家开放的实验平台,“后续可以在科学研究、航天员培训、提供飞行机会,以及科普教育等方面,开展深化合作”。

中国太空探索的“国际化”远不止于此

事实上,中国太空探索事业的“国际化”远不止于此。比如,嫦娥五号月球样品向6个国家的7家科研机构开放借用;中国正在筹建的国际月球科研站,目前已有近20个国家和国际组织响应;未来,嫦娥八号任务(计划2029年前后发射)将面向国际开放200千克载荷资源,涵盖多类科学仪器与系统,如巴基斯坦月球车、意大利激光角反射器阵列、泰国月球中子分析仪等。

放眼未来,这次与巴基斯坦的合作只是一个起点。一位外国载荷专家的短期到访,技术增量有限,它真正的价值在于确立先例、打开通道。中巴协议从签署到选拔、训练、飞行的完整流程,将为后来者提供一套可参照的操作模板。

当前,国际空间站临近退役,全球载人航天正处在一个平台格局调整的当口。对于长期被排除在传统载人航天合作框架之外的国家而言,一个能够训练其航天员、提供飞行机会、并允许其在本国科学目标下开展实验的空间站,本身就是稀缺的公共产品。

中国空间站将迎来首位外籍航天员到访,打开了太空探索合作的新空间,这条与世界携手并肩的开放之路,只会越走越宽、越走越远。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 神舟二十四号任务将有巴基斯坦航天员以载荷专家身份参加

    Very likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 巴基斯坦航天员具体的飞行训练日程是怎样的?
  • 未来会有哪些其他国家的航天员参与中国空间站任务?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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