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Back如何发现被星光掩盖的系外行星?国际研发出高灵敏度探测新方法
如何发现被星光掩盖的系外行星?国际研发出高灵敏度探测新方法
Space
中国新闻网8 hours agoSpace3 min readChinaView translation

如何发现被星光掩盖的系外行星?国际研发出高灵敏度探测新方法

Quick Look

研究人员研发出名为FLIP的新方法,利用机器学习算法去除望远镜观测中的星光,灵敏度最高可达传统系外行星成像方法的15倍,成功获得51波江座b的首个影像,或能辅助天文台识别类地系外行星。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

直接成像是观测系外行星的关键策略,但宿主恒星的亮度常会掩盖系外行星的存在。即使是最明亮的年轻巨行星,亮度也只有其宿主恒星的10万分之一。之前的尝试因天文台物理限制或模拟星光的计算限制而很难成功。

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国际学术期刊《自然》北京时间11月5日凌晨在线发表一篇天文学论文称,研究人员研发出一种探测系外行星的新方法,利用一种机器学习算法去除了望远镜观测中的星光,其灵敏度最高可达传统系外行星成像方法的15倍,或能辅助天文台识别类地系外行星。

该论文介绍,直接成像是观测系外行星的一个关键策略,但宿主恒星的亮度常会掩盖它们的存在。即使是最明亮的年轻巨行星,亮度也只有其宿主恒星的10万分之一。解决该问题的一个办法,是从系外行星的观测结果中减去宿主恒星的光。不过,由于天文台的物理限制或是模拟星光的计算限制,之前的尝试都很难成功。

在本项研究中,论文第一作者和通讯作者、美国西北大学Rodrigo Ferrer-Chavez与同事及合作者一起,提出一个名为“行星成像的物理驱动学习”(FLIP)的影像处理框架,该框架能生成特定恒星的模拟眩光。他们从一个恒星系统的直接观测结果中合理减去了这种模拟光,让被掩盖的系外行星全都暴露出来。

随后,论文作者用韦布望远镜的近红外相机观测数据测试了FLIP框架,成功获得51波江座b的首个影像,而使用传统方法无法探测到51波江座b。在其他测试中,FLIP的灵敏度也达到传统太阳眩光去除技术的2倍到15倍。

论文作者总结指出,FLIP能与韦布望远镜的观测结果结合使用,用于发现温度更低、质量更小、年龄更大的巨行星。今后,该方法或能改造用于地基天文台,还能在宜居世界天文台这类计划任务中用于类地天体的成像。不过,他们也提醒说,后续进一步研究应关注如何降低计算成本,并用更大的数据量进行测试。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • FLIP方法或能改造用于地基天文台,并在宜居世界天文台等计划任务中用于类地天体的成像。

    Possible · Within years

Open Questions

  • FLIP方法降低计算成本的具体进展如何?
  • 该方法在地基天文台改造中的实际应用时间表是什么?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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