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Back原歐盟脫歐談判代表巴尼耶:英國不能「挑肥揀瘦」
原歐盟脫歐談判代表巴尼耶:英國不能「挑肥揀瘦」
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BBC中文16 hours agoPolitics5 min readChinaView translation

原歐盟脫歐談判代表巴尼耶:英國不能「挑肥揀瘦」

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歐盟前脫歐談判代表巴尼耶接受BBC訪問表示,英國若欲重新加入歐盟單一市場,必須接受包括人員自由流動在內的「四大自由」條件,不能挑三揀四,亦拒絕恢復英國財政回扣制度。

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Why It Matters

米歇爾·巴尼耶曾於2016年至2021年間領導歐盟脫歐談判代表團。英國首相貝安德近期表示希望探索與歐洲建立更緊密的經濟聯繫。

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原歐盟脫歐談判代表巴尼耶BBC受訪:單一市場協議英國不能「挑三揀四"

Author, 保羅·塞登(Paul Seddon)

和

Author, 馬特·斯皮維(Matt Spivey)

Published 2 分鐘前

閱讀時間: 3 分鐘

在貝安德(Andy Burnham)表示希望探索與歐洲建立更緊密經濟聯繫之後,歐盟前英國脫歐(Brexit)談判代表警告,英國不能對其參與的單一市場內容「挑三揀四」。

英國首相曾表示,英國退出歐盟近六年之後,重新加入歐盟內部市場是他可能採取重塑英歐關係的方案之一。

但米歇爾·巴尼耶(Michel Barnier)向BBC節目《勞拉·昆斯伯格週日訪談》(Sunday with Laura Kuenssberg)表示,歐盟成員國將堅持要求英國重新接受某些條件,例如人員自由流動,以換取市場准入。

他表示,不存在一份可讓英國任意選擇採納哪些內容的「單一市場單點菜單」。

巴尼耶在2016年至2021年間領導歐盟脫歐談判代表團,並曾於2024年擔任法國總理三個月。他表示,歐洲方面對英國重新作為歐盟成員加入仍然「敞開大門」。

但他堅稱,任何重新加入單一市場的舉措,都將要求英國遵守與其他成員相同的條件。單一市場允許貨物自由流通,無需接受邊境檢查。

他補充說,這包括遵守旨在促進貨物、服務、資本及人員流通的規則。這些規則在歐盟體系內被統稱為「四大自由」。

「不可能只要其中一項自由,而不要其他自由。四大自由顯然是身處單一市場的四項條件。」

自7月出任首相以來,貝安德一直表示,他可能承諾讓工黨尋求與歐洲建立更緊密的未來關係,包括申請重新作為正式成員加入該組織。不過,他已排除在下次大選前作出重大改變。

他的前任已與歐盟達成一系列協議,涉及英國脫歐後英歐互動的不同領域。

雙方希望利用10天後在布魯塞爾舉行的會議,公佈有關食品標準、青年簽證以及讓英國產業重新接入歐盟碳排放交易機制的協議。

在人員自由流動、貨物自由流動、服務自由流動及資本自由流動這四大自由中,人員自由流動在2016年脫歐公投期間是關鍵議題之一。該機制允許歐盟公民無需簽證即可在歐盟其他國家生活和工作。

貝安德的前任施紀賢爵士(Sir Keir Starmer)已在工黨2024年大選政綱中排除恢復英國的人員自由流動。若未來再次主張恢復,將成為與保守黨及英國改革黨之間的重要分歧之一。

貝安德近日在一次訪問中表示,若無全民公投,他不會恢復人員自由流動。此言促使唐寧街澄清,他目前並未主張恢復該制度。

他此前曾表示,希望在本月稍後於布魯塞爾舉行的峰會上提出與歐洲關係的「不同選項」,然後嘗試與英國公眾就新的雙邊關係達成共識。

巴尼耶還預測,歐盟國家將拒絕恢復英國財政回扣制度。該制度最初於1985年談判達成,在英國仍為成員國期間,可降低其對歐盟年度預算的繳款額。

他表示,英國脫離歐盟已經創造出「新的局面」,因此新的回扣安排將「不在考慮範圍內」。

「虛假承諾與謊言」

巴尼耶還將英國改革黨(Reform UK)領袖奈傑爾·法拉奇(Nigel Farage)與法國政治人物馬琳·勒龐(Marine Le Pen)作比較。他表示:「我們也有自己的法拉奇。那就是勒龐女士。同樣的民粹主義,同樣的謊言,同樣的虛假承諾。」

當勞拉·昆斯伯格(Laura Kuenssberg)要求他說明所指的「謊言」時,巴尼耶表示:「例如,當法拉奇先生和約翰遜先生(Boris Johnson)承諾英國人民每星期可收回3.5億英鎊時,那不是真的,也不可能實現。那是一個謊言。」

支持脫歐的「Vote Leave」陣營中,約翰遜是關鍵人物之一。該陣營此前曾因其競選巴士上的標語受到批評,標語稱英國每週向歐盟支付3.5億英鎊(4.6億美元、33億元人民幣;147億元新台幣),並寫道:「讓我們把這筆錢用於資助國民保健制度(NHS)吧。」

約翰遜於2017年表示:「一旦我們結清賬目,我們每週將重新掌控約3.5億英鎊。如果正如許多人指出的那樣,其中大量資金投入NHS,那將是一件好事。」

批評者指出,每週3.5億英鎊只是約數,代表英國的「總繳款額」,並未計入英國每週7500萬英鎊的回扣,也未計入歐盟對英國的投資。

Open Questions

  • 英國未來是否會就是否恢復人員自由流動舉行公投?

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This article was originally published by BBC中文.

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