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Back中新健康|医生被豆包们逼得坐不住了?
中新健康|医生被豆包们逼得坐不住了?
Health
中国新闻网2 hours agoHealth10 min readChinaView translation

中新健康|医生被豆包们逼得坐不住了?

患者带着AI问诊信息走进诊室不再是偶发现象,传统医患关系正面临新的挑战与变革。

Quick Look

AI助手正成为许多中国人接触健康信息的“第一站”,并作为“第三人”频繁出现在诊室中。调研显示约七成医生在门诊中遇到过患者使用AI查询健康信息,这给传统医患沟通、医生专业垄断及问诊时间带来了新挑战。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

随着生成式AI大模型的普及,许多患者在就医前后开始使用AI工具查询健康信息并获取诊断建议。

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中新网北京10月21日电(罗春昊)豆包们正闯入诊室,成为医生与患者之间的“第三人”。但多数时候,它不是来抢医生饭碗的,而是来替患者提问的。

近日,网上流传一张“门诊告示”,上面写着“已在豆包获得诊断的患者,请勿再向我们寻求意见,请改向千问或者元宝咨询”。虽经媒体多方核实,图为网友恶搞,但一张假告示能引发大量讨论,说明它戳中了一个真问题:患者带着AI问诊的健康信息走进诊室,已不再是个别现象。

北京大学医学人文学院教授王岳举了个例子:一位大型三甲医院的医生在接诊时发现患者拿着手机偷偷录音。医生没有制止,反而告诉患者换个角度,不仅可以录音还可以录像,拿回去慢慢听。

王岳说,随着AI到来,患者更多参与诊疗过程的现象可能会越来越常见。

过去我们讨论AI,问的是它能帮医生提多少效率、AI问诊靠不靠谱。现在,问题换了一个方向:当患者带着AI给出的答案来问“为什么你和他说的不一样”,医生要多花多少时间解释?这些时间又从哪里来?

复旦大学老龄研究院教授申琦向中新健康表示,今年其团队做了一项双端调研,对象包括75位医生和143位中老年居民。调研结果发现,约七成受访医生在门诊中遇到过患者使用AI查询健康信息,其中36%医生每月遇到2-4次,10.67%每周2-3次,24%医生每周接诊使用AI者4次以上。

这由此引出一个新问题:“患者-AI-医生”的模式,究竟带来了哪些变化?

“前有百度看病,后有豆包确诊”

有网友调侃,“前有百度看病,后有豆包确诊”。患者查询信息的方式,的确变了。

如今,健康AI助手“阿福”的广告铺天盖地,早期光相关投放就花掉几个亿;豆包、千问、元宝等AI应用,也开始出现在车站、楼宇的广告牌上。

过去十年,问诊被搬到线上。2015年,第一家互联网医院横空出世,随后互联网医疗、在线问诊如雨后春笋般涌现;2018年,国家出台《互联网诊疗管理办法(试行)》,明确不得对首诊患者开展互联网诊疗。

但互联网医疗平台的日子并不好过:春雨医生2023年营收1.01亿元,但2025年前10个月降至5104.8万元,最终走向“被卖”;微医2021年至2024年上半年累计亏损超80亿元,盈利之路坎坷;好大夫在线则被蚂蚁集团收购。

如今,AI正成为越来越多中国人接触健康信息“第一站”。QuestMobile数据显示,截至2026年3月,AI原生APP月活用户规模已达到4.4亿。

申琦向中新健康表示,与百度搜索不同,人们用AI大模型,很多是在寻求一个“判断”:输入年龄、症状、检查结果,它就能组织出一套看似完整的解释,甚至告诉你接下来怎么办。这种交互会改变人们接受健康信息的心理。

但问题也在这里:AI能根据提问组织回答,不等于掌握了患者的全部健康状况。调研中,81.33%的受访医生认为,AI健康建议最突出的问题是缺乏个体化——同样的头晕、胸闷,在不同年龄、基础疾病和用药情况下,临床判断可能完全不同。过去担心公众找不到可靠信息,现在更担心他们-段看似可靠的信息过度相信。

医院医生被豆包们逼疯了?

王岳认为,AI对医患沟通的挑战并非新现象,它是伴随互联网出现的,只是大模型比搜索引擎更智能、更像一个人。用他的话说,传统以医生为中心的医患沟通方式正面临“土崩瓦解”。

他主张,医生要从“家长式”的医患关系中走出来,与患者形成一种共同参与诊疗过程的朋友式关系。“与其讨厌学习型病人,不如培养学习型病人。”医生需要帮患者筛选AI提供的信息,告诉患者哪些适用。在王岳看来,医生对专业知识的垄断正在被打破。

但医生并没有集体对AI说“不”。上述调研中,65%的医生对患者使用AI查询健康信息选择“中立”,16%明确不支持。

申琦说,调研前团队以为,患者有了AI、能自己查很多医学知识,会对医生的依赖减少;但居民端的数据并非如此:当AI与医生意见不一致时,43%的受访者会直接听医生的,35%主要听医生的、希望医生解释为什么和AI不一样。也就是说,医生的专业判断仍是最终依据,但患者对“解释”的要求更高了。

未来医生可能要花更多时间沟通,这对他们而言是新的负担,但不一定完全是坏事。

申琦认为,患者拿AI来问医生,很多时候不是不信任医生,而是真的想弄明白自己的病情。医生如果能把差异解释清楚,反而有机会增强患者对诊疗方案的理解和信任。

多出的几分钟问诊时间从哪里来?

问题最终落在时间上。王岳认为,保证问诊时间是必要的。他说,现在不少医院给患者的时间是5分钟左右;如果能多出2分钟,就是质的改变。

《柳叶刀》曾于2018年发表过一篇针对中国136家三级医院、近2.8万名患者的研究报告。结果显示,问诊时长与患者体验之间并非简单成正比,而是存在明显“拐点”:8分钟以内,问诊时间每增加一点,患者给出较高评价的概率明显上升;超过8分钟后,提升趋于平缓。

湖北省卫健委曾在2023-2025年的“改善就医感受”方案中试点“充分问诊”:二级及以上医疗机构可遴选部分专科或专家,把每名专家半个工作日的号源限制在30个左右,保证每名患者平均沟通6分钟以上,充分做好患者病情讲解、化验单解读、注意事项告知等工作。

王岳认为,解决时间问题,要在规范医生工作量和绩效薪酬制度上下功夫。

至于AI在健康知识普及、就诊准备和慢病管理辅助方面的作用,申琦还是比较看好。申琦说,对中老年人来说,AI最大的优势是可以反复问:拿到体检报告,先问AI;去医院前,让AI帮忙整理症状和要问医生的问题;医生开了药,用AI理解医嘱里的术语。这些场景,有实际价值。

“但涉及诊断、治疗方案、药物调整,边界必须清楚。尤其是老年人,常常同时患几种慢性病、长期服用多种药物,AI即使给出符合一般医学知识的建议,也未必适合这个老人。”

申琦认为,未来评价AI大模型工具,不能只看它能回答多少医学问题、回答速度有多快,还要看它能不能识别自身能力的局限,能不能告诉用户什么情况下必须去医院、什么事情不能自行处理。

Open Questions

  • 未来医院如何为医生增加必要的问诊时间?
  • AI在健康领域的边界和监管如何进一步明确?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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