Installation of heat pumps and replacement of boilers powered by fossil fuels. But also the redevelopment of public buildings, greater diffusion of charging stations, investments in nuclear power and incentives for the decarbonisation of the production system, with the expansion of tools such as Energy release. While waiting to arrive at the definition of a precise list, the budget flexibility granted by Brussels to Italy on the energy front already has a very precise perimeter within which to move: this is established by the guidelines published by the European Commission on 18 August. There is a catalog of interventions to which the Public Finance Policy Document (DPFP) now explicitly refers.
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Construction
The list - it should be underlined - is not exhaustive. Therefore, Italy could ask to introduce other measures as well. The interventions mentioned, however, are the starting point on which we are working in recent days. The first piece concerns construction. Here we talk about incentives for heat pumps, which will probably also be extended to hybrids (systems that combine boiler and heat pump), the replacement of fossil boilers, the energy requalification of public and private buildings, domestic storage systems (connected to photovoltaic panels) and charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. These are lines linked to different tools, such as the ecobonus enhanced to 65% for the installation of heat pumps or the revision of the thermal account for the redevelopment of public buildings. Although, precisely on the thermal account, for the private part, the possible correction of some problems that have emerged in recent months is also being studied, reported for example by Assothermica, the association of Anima Confindustria which represents the producers of equipment and components for heating systems.
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Clean energy production and storage
A second strand concerns the production and storage of clean energy. This chapter includes investments in renewable energy (such as solar and geothermal), in electrochemical storage, in hydrogen, in renewable fuels, in contracts for the promotion of low-emission energy production. And, above all, in nuclear power. Investments in nuclear power plants are, in fact, explicitly cited by Brussels among the recipients of the flexibility. But if it will be necessary to verify the timing of the possible projects, even after the approval of the enabling law in Parliament.
Sustainable energy and transport infrastructure
The third strand is linked to energy and sustainable transport infrastructures: among these there are electricity networks, hydrogen transport infrastructures, energy flexibility and security systems, railway, subway and tram networks and public electric charging infrastructures.
Resilience and decarbonisation
Finally, there is the topic relating to the resilience and decarbonisation of the production system. A category which can include, for example, incentives for industrial decarbonisation technologies, investments to reduce dependence on fossil fuels but also interventions to strengthen the physical and cyber security of energy infrastructures and supply chains. Precisely under this umbrella could end the extension of the Energy release, the mechanism managed by the GSE which guarantees energy-intensive companies supplies of energy at a controlled price, provided they undertake to build new plants from renewable sources in the following years.
