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Back義大利經濟部長喬捷堤:GDP成長率有望上看1%,強調與美聯盟重要性
義大利經濟部長喬捷堤:GDP成長率有望上看1%,強調與美聯盟重要性
NEWS
中央社1 hour agoBusiness3 min readChinaView translation

義大利經濟部長喬捷堤:GDP成長率有望上看1%,強調與美聯盟重要性

喬捷堤於安博思論壇指出,義大利經濟展現韌性,但面臨歐洲資本市場發展困難及能源成本衝擊,將以脫離歐盟過度赤字程序為優先目標。

Quick Look

義大利經濟部長喬捷堤在安博思論壇表示,義國今年GDP成長率有望達1%。他強調與美國結盟對抗中國競爭的必要性,並指出歐洲資本市場與能源成本是當前挑戰。政府預算將優先處理脫離歐盟過度赤字程序,並致力於留住年輕人才及推動AI戰略。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

義大利目前正致力於脫離歐盟的過度赤字程序(EDP),並面臨人口流失與能源成本上升的挑戰。

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(中央社記者黃雅詩羅馬7日專電)義大利總理梅洛尼剛寫下最長壽內閣紀錄,創造義國罕見穩定政局,經濟部長喬捷堤(Giancarlo Giorgetti)進一步樂觀預測今年義大利GDP成長率有望上看1%。不過他也警示歐洲經濟發展緩步,美國還是對應中國競爭的盟友首選。

喬捷堤6日在北義舉行的知名財經國際會議「安博思論壇」(Ambrosetti Forum)中表示,義國政府最初預期的GDP(國內生產毛額)成長率是0.6%,目前已實現了0.8%,「如果一切順利可能會接近1%」。

不過喬捷堤認為,義大利經濟韌性的最大挑戰不只是國內自身發展,更來自目前日益嚴峻的國際局勢。

他坦言,國際社會對於危機應對不力,目前建立政治或經濟聯盟變得愈來愈困難,他相信「即便面對關鍵原料和人工智慧領域競爭,與美國的聯盟仍至關重要:美國能與中國抗衡,歐洲卻完全缺席」。

喬捷堤說,進步是相對的,歐洲在數位歐元和支付系統取得了一些進展,但歐洲資本市場發展局面更困難,影響了生產力、經濟安全、融資能力。

喬捷堤談到「歐洲悖論」(European Paradox)問題,意指歐洲在科研方面的頂尖實力,無法有效轉化為創新產品或市場經濟效益。

他表示,歐洲大量儲蓄無法轉化為對歐洲的投資,最終往往流向美國,少數幾國正在研擬改革措施,但距離年底只剩下3個月,儲蓄和投資之間的差距仍十分明顯,「為什麼加拿大退休基金在義大利投資,而義大利人卻不投資呢?」

能源問題加劇局勢複雜性。喬捷堤說,義大利正在為烏克蘭和中東的兩場戰爭埋單,這兩場戰爭的成本都被放大了。他表示,義大利過去一直從俄羅斯購買天然氣和石油,如今卻飽受歐洲能源體系極易受到外部衝擊的影響。

義大利柴油價格已飆至每公升2.15歐元(約新台幣79元),台灣柴油每公升約29.3元。喬捷堤指出,柴油價格與其說是取決於布倫特原油價格(Brent),不如說是取決於煉油能力,烏克蘭摧毀了俄羅斯煉油總產能40%,這些都連帶衝擊了歐洲經濟的發展。

義大利力拚將公共財政赤字率降低到3%以下,以期在明年脫離歐盟的「過度赤字程序」(EDP),下次評估時間點是9月22日。被歐盟列入EDP的國家會降低信用評級,遭管制財政支出,因此喬捷堤認為對義大利來說,目前政府預算編列要以脫離EDP為優先目標。

義大利預算法案重心還包括留住年輕人。喬捷堤強調,義大利每年流失約30萬人口,對GDP和生產力造成嚴重衝擊,「人口沙漠正在逼近」,因此預算法案必須關注年輕人,在薪資問題上,政府將透過財政和社會保障措施介入,但也要求企業盡一份心力,「提高人才薪資應被視為一種投資」。

另一重點是人工智慧。喬捷堤解釋,政府將推行超低利率貸款,為AI技術投資提供更大穩定性,人工智慧不僅對生產力至關重要,而且「關乎國家安全和技術主權」,因此需要制定一項與歐洲戰略相符的國家戰略。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 義大利將於9月22日面臨歐盟過度赤字程序評估。

    Very likely · Within weeks

Open Questions

  • 義大利政府能否在年底前有效縮減赤字率至3%以下?
  • 歐洲資本市場改革是否能有效留住歐洲儲蓄?

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This article was originally published by 中央社.

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