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Back自由開講》非紅供應鏈不是只看MIT
自由開講》非紅供應鏈不是只看MIT
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自由时报2 hours agoOpinion6 min readChinaView translation

自由開講》非紅供應鏈不是只看MIT

蕭美琴副總統日前表示政府採購無人機須全面採用「非紅供應鏈」,作者認為下一步應建立關鍵無人系統的「供應鏈履歷」,並落實查核與驗證機制。

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副總統蕭美琴表示政府採購無人機須全面採用「非紅供應鏈」。作者認為應建立關鍵無人系統的「供應鏈履歷」,透過風險分級與實質稽核,確保國家安全並帶動國內產業轉型。

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Why It Matters

副總統蕭美琴於「2026台北安全對話」中指出,政府採購無人機須全面採用非紅供應鏈。

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◎ 陳裕翔

蕭美琴副總統九月九日出席「二○二六台北安全對話」時表示,政府已為無人機供應鏈安全設定明確方向,政府生產及採購的無人機,包括民用採購,都必須全面採用「非紅供應鏈」,並逐步朝在台生產發展。這個方向值得支持。無人機早已不只是會飛的硬體,而是整合通訊、感測、定位、影像與軟體的資訊系統。如果政府一方面把無人機用於國防、警政、消防或關鍵基礎設施,另一方面卻無法確認裡面的飛控、通訊模組、晶片與軟體究竟來自哪裡,再昂貴的設備都可能留下安全缺口。問題在於,「非紅」不能最後只剩下一張產地證明。真正的供應鏈安全,必須知道一架無人機究竟是由什麼東西組成的。

副總統蕭美琴於9月9日出席「2026台北安全對話」致詞表示,政府生產及採購的無人機,包括民用採購,都必須全面採用「非紅供應鏈」。(資料照)這也是政府推動非紅供應鏈最容易遇到的難題。現代電子產品的供應鏈高度複雜,一架標示台灣製造的無人機,不代表裡面每一項關鍵零組件都來自台灣。馬達、飛控板、通訊晶片、影像模組、電池管理系統甚至韌體,都可能經過不同國家的供應商與次級供應商。最終組裝地只能告訴我們產品在哪裡完成,卻不一定能回答關鍵零件是誰做的?軟體由誰維護?更新從哪裡下載?資料可能傳到哪裡?如果這些問題沒有答案,「非紅供應鏈」就可能只做到產品外殼,沒有真正進入產品內部。

因此,政府下一步應該建立的,是關鍵無人系統的「供應鏈履歷」。凡是政府採購、涉及國防或進入重要基礎設施的無人載具,廠商都應對具有安全風險的關鍵零組件提出來源資料,並保存一定程度的供應鏈紀錄。這並不代表政府必須追查每一顆螺絲的出生地,而應採取風險分級。涉及通訊、定位、飛行控制、資料儲存、影像處理與遠端更新等功能的零組件,安全要求自然應高於一般結構件。政府真正要掌握的,是哪些元件一旦遭到控制、植入後門或中斷供應,就可能影響設備功能或資訊安全。

我國向美國購買的MQ-9B海上衛士型無人機升空,政府下一步應該建立的是關鍵無人系統的「供應鏈履歷」。(資料照)這套制度不能只靠廠商自己勾選「沒有中國零件」。公共採購牽涉政府公帑與國家安全,供應商聲明可以作為第一層要求,但對高風險設備仍應建立抽查、驗證與稽核機制。契約中也應明定,如果關鍵零組件來源變更,廠商負有主動通知義務;若故意隱匿來源或提出不實資料,則應有相應的契約責任與採購資格效果。如此才能把「非紅」從政策口號轉變成廠商可以遵循、政府可以查核的法律義務。另一方面,也必須給國內業者合理的轉型時間,否則如果今天宣布全面排除,明天卻找不到足夠替代零件,最後只會讓政策停留在紙面。

蕭美琴這次還提出另一個重要觀念:政府必須讓軍事使用者、科學家與企業共同解決問題,並建立從成功測試走向實際採購的務實路徑。這正是台灣發展非紅供應鏈應採取的態度。政府應讓產業知道哪些關鍵零組件最需要國產替代、未來政府需求有多大,並透過測試、認證與穩定採購形成市場。供應鏈安全如果只有禁止,很容易增加成本;如果同時創造替代供應商與技術能力,就可能把國安要求轉化成台灣產業的新機會。

國產無人機必須「沒有中國零件」,圖為中山科學研究院研發的騰雲無人機。(資料照)政府把無人機全面非紅供應鏈列為政策方向,是正確的一步;下一步則是把「非紅」變成可以驗證的標準。國家安全最危險的地方,往往不是我們知道自己依賴誰,而是以為已經擺脫依賴,實際上關鍵零件仍藏在看不見的供應鏈深處。

(作者為資訊業)

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 政府將建立關鍵無人系統的供應鏈履歷與稽核機制

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 政府何時正式實施無人機供應鏈履歷制度?
  • 國內供應商能否在合理時間內補足替代零件缺口?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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