Nobel Prize in Chemistry awarded to duo for 'spectacular' chemical reaction

Henri B. Kagan and Kenso Soai have won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their discovery of non-linear effects and autocatalysis in asymmetric organic synthesis.

"Henri Kagan and Kenso Soai have provided a solution to a chemical mystery that is over a century old: how homochirality can emerge spontaneously," Heiner Linke, chair of the Nobel Committee for Chemistry, said in a press release.

The duo's research into molecules' mirror images has "been decisive for chemists who design reactions for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals", the press release said.

Dr Kagan, born in France, is affiliated with Université Paris-Sud in Orsay, France, and Dr Soai, born in Japan, with the Tokyo University of Science.

The so-called "Soai reaction" is named for the experiment.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced the winner in Stockholm.

Last year, three scientists won the chemistry Nobel for their development of new molecular structures that can trap vast quantities of gas inside, laying the groundwork to potentially suck greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere or harvest moisture from desert environments.

This year's prizes began with the Nobel for medicine, awarded on Monday to three scientists whose work led to a tool that uses light to help unravel how the brain works.

The physics award on Tuesday recognised a scientist's efforts to demystify a rare group of neutrinos.

The literature prize is set to be awarded on Thursday. After Friday's peace prize is awarded, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences will be announced on Monday.

The prize money this year is 12 million Swedish kronor ($1.71 million), whether for an individual, a small group of laureates or an organisation.