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BackRoundhill Investments執行長:記憶體晶片三強鼎立格局難以打破
Roundhill Investments執行長:記憶體晶片三強鼎立格局難以打破
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自由时报1 hour agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

Roundhill Investments執行長:記憶體晶片三強鼎立格局難以打破

AI熱潮帶動記憶體需求,三星、SK海力士與美光技術壁壘深厚,中企難以追趕

Quick Look

Roundhill Investments執行長馬薩指出,AI熱潮推動記憶體晶片需求,三星、SK海力士與美光憑藉數十年技術累積形成難以撼動的寡占格局,中國企業受限於製程技術與出口管制,短期內難以追趕。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

全球AI投資熱潮帶動記憶體晶片需求,HBM成為GPU運作的關鍵燃料。目前市場由三星、SK海力士與美光三強寡占。

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美國投資公司Roundhill Investments執行長馬薩(Dave Mazza )近日接受《朝鮮日報》旗下WeeklyBIZ 訪問表示,全球掀起人工智慧(AI)投資熱潮,帶動三星電子、SK海力士和美光科技等韓美3大記憶體晶片廠商股價飆漲,3強鼎立格局難以打破,靠巨額投資和政府補貼的中企,買不到歷經數十年累積的製程技術。

Roundhill Investments今年4月初在美國市場推出首支以記憶體晶片為標的的ETF,上市僅10個交易日,資產規模就突破10億美元,被冠上「史上成長最快的ETF」的稱號。這只ETF超過70%的資金集中投向美光(25.9%)、三星電子(24.9%)、SK海力士(21.5%)這3檔股票。

馬薩表示,隨著長期合約的簽訂,記憶體晶片大廠不再像過去那樣,營收會受景氣或利率的影響而降低,今年7月的股價下跌走勢不是基本面的問題,而是短期資金急速抽離所致。

馬薩指出,在建造AI基礎設施過程中,最具代表性的瓶頸就是記憶體晶片,談到AI,大家總是提到圖形處理器(GPU),但如果沒有記憶體晶片大廠製造的高頻寬記憶體(HBM),GPU無異於「沒有燃料的引擎」,而能夠大規模生產HBM的公司只有3家,分別是三星電子、SK海力士、美光科技。

馬薩表示,在建立AI基礎設施過程中最核心的HBM領域,SK海力士領先全球。三星電子在DRAM、NAND生產上擁有壓倒性的規模,2家公司的財務結構穩健,都值得持續進行投資。

針對有分析師預測,中國長鑫存儲(CXMT)或長江存儲(YMTC)會很快追上三星電子、SK海力士、美光科技,馬薩說,長鑫存儲在HBM領域落後好幾代,若想縮小差距,需要改進製程技術,以及獲得客戶的品質認證等解決諸多難題;再加上美國主導的出口管制措施,難以引進最尖端的半導體設備。長江存儲雖在通用NAND領域出貨量排在世界第3名,但銷售額僅排在第5名。

Open Questions

  • 中國企業未來是否能透過自主研發突破技術封鎖?
  • 記憶體市場景氣循環是否已徹底改變?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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