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Back全球唯三超音速轟炸機之一 俄Tu-160「黑傑克」8成系統升級
全球唯三超音速轟炸機之一 俄Tu-160「黑傑克」8成系統升級
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自由时报2 hours agoDefense2 min readChinaView translation

全球唯三超音速轟炸機之一 俄Tu-160「黑傑克」8成系統升級

Quick Look

俄羅斯圖波列夫公司表示,Tu-160M超音速戰略轟炸機雖保留蘇聯時代Tu-160的外觀,但內部80%的系統與設備已完成現代化升級,包括航電、導航、發動機等,並採模組化設計方便未來升級。俄羅斯2018年簽約採購10架新機,合約金額1600億盧布,首架於2022年首飛,但交付延遲,截至2025年底僅交付2架。該機為俄羅斯核三位一體重要力量,曾用於對烏克蘭發射巡弋飛彈。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

俄羅斯Tu-160「黑傑克」超音速戰略轟炸機源自蘇聯時代,最高速度達2馬赫,是俄羅斯核三位一體的重要組成部分。為延長服役壽命,俄羅斯對其進行現代化升級,命名為Tu-160M。

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俄羅斯Tu-160M轟炸機。(歐新社檔案照)

〔記者涂鉅旻/綜合報導〕俄羅斯持續強化戰略轟炸機戰力,將蘇聯時代研發、最高速度達2馬赫的Tu-160「黑傑克」(Blackjack)超音速戰略轟炸機,透過現代化工程延續服役壽命。俄羅斯圖波列夫公司近日表示,最新Tu-160M轟炸機雖然保留原有外觀,但內部已有80%的系統與設備完成升級,包括航電、導航及發動機等,並導入模組化架構,未來可持續汰換新型設備。

全球現役的超音速戰略轟炸機有三款,分別為俄羅斯的Tu-160「黑傑克」(Blackjack)、Tu-22M3「逆火」(Backfire),以及美國的B-1B「槍騎兵」(Lancer)。其中,Tu-160最高速度約2.05馬赫,飛行時速和體型都是三者之最。

外國軍聞網站《Defence Blog》報導,圖波列夫公司總經理阿布羅西莫夫(Yuri Abrosimov)表示,Tu-160M延續蘇聯時期Tu-160的經典外型,但內部已建立在全新技術基礎上,廣泛運用數位科技,約80%的系統與設備完成現代化。

他指出,Tu-160M新型航電系統採模組化設計,可隨技術進步更換過時設備,不必重新設計整套系統,使這款戰略轟炸機得以因應未來作戰需求。

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Tu-160可在機腹彈艙的旋轉式發射架搭載最多12枚長程巡弋飛彈,為俄羅斯核三位一體戰力的重要一環;Tu-160M除了換裝NK-32-02發動機,也升級雷達、數位化座艙及通訊、導航設備。

俄羅斯2018年簽約採購10架全新製造的Tu-160M轟炸機,合約金額據報達1600億盧布(約新台幣618億元),首架新造機於2022年1月首飛。不過,這項計畫的交付進度多次延宕,俄軍直到2025年底才接收2架。

Tu-160系列轟炸機曾向烏克蘭發射巡弋飛彈。根據烏克蘭航空監測頻道AviVector今年5月分析,俄羅斯18架Tu-160系列轟炸機中,僅7架投入作戰任務,其餘部分機體則進行升級、維修或建造,凸顯俄軍持續維持戰略轟炸機戰力面臨的挑戰。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 俄羅斯將在2026年至2027年間逐步交付剩餘的8架Tu-160M轟炸機

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 俄羅斯何時能完成剩餘8架Tu-160M的交付?
  • 升級後的Tu-160M在電子戰與反導能力方面具體提升了多少?
  • 俄羅斯是否計畫將Tu-160M用於常規武器任務而非僅核威懾?

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This article was originally published by 自由时报.

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