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BackVenezuela reivindica território de Essequibo, pertencente à Guiana, após descoberta de reservas de petróleo
Venezuela reivindica território de Essequibo, pertencente à Guiana, após descoberta de reservas de petróleo
Developing
G12 hours agoWorld2 min readBrazilView translation

Venezuela reivindica território de Essequibo, pertencente à Guiana, após descoberta de reservas de petróleo

Quick Look

  • A Venezuela formalizou em 2023 sua reivindicação sobre o território de Essequibo, que pertence à Guiana, após a descoberta de grandes reservas de petróleo na região.
  • Em dezembro de 2023, um plebiscito aprovou a anexação com 95% dos votos, enquanto os EUA anunciaram exercícios militares na Guiana e a Venezuela assinou decretos para incorporar o território, aumentando as tensões na região.

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

Essequibo é um território que pertence à Guiana, mas reivindicado pela Venezuela. Caracas formalizou essa reivindicação em 2023, quando o então presidente Nicolás Maduro fez um referendo para incorporar a região e promulgou uma lei que cria uma província do país no território.

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Essequibo é um território que pertence à Guiana, mas reivindicado pela Venezuela. Caracas formalizou essa reivindicação em 2023, quando o então presidente Nicolás Maduro fez um referendo para incorporar a região e promulgou uma lei que cria uma província do país no território.

A partir de então, o regime chevista passou a adotar um mapa oficial mostrando Essequibo como parte da Venezuela.

Localizado na parte mais a oeste do território da Guiana, a região de Essequibo ocupa 159 mil km² e representa cerca de 70% do território do país. Trata-se de uma área maior que o estado do Ceará e a Inglaterra.

Em 2015, foram encontradas grandes reservas de petróleo na região. Estima-se que na Guiana haja o equivalente a 11 bilhões de barris, parte significativa deles "offshore", ou seja, no mar, perto de Essequibo. Em consequência do boom do petróleo, a Guiana é o país sul-americano cuja economia mais cresce nos últimos anos.

No entanto, a região passou a ser cobiçada pelo governo da Venezuela que afirma ter direito sobre o território. Em 3 de dezembro, um plebiscito para a anexação do estado chamado pelos venezuelanos de "Guiana Essequiba" foi aprovado por 95% dos eleitores presentes. O comparecimento equivale a metade dos eleitores venezuelanos.

Em estado de alerta, as Forças Armadas ampliaram a presença de militares brasileiros nas duas fronteiras com a Venezuela e com a Guiana. Isto porque seria necessário que tropas venezuelanas passassem pelo norte de Roraima em caso de confronto. O território brasileiro faz fronteira tanto com a Guiana quanto com a Venezuela.

As tensões continuaram escalando. Em 7 de dezembro, os Estados Unidos anunciaram exercícios militares na Guiana, inclusive em Essequibo. No dia seguinte, o presidente venezuelano Nicolás Maduro assinou decretos para incorporar o território.

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • A Venezuela manterá pressão diplomática e militar sobre a Guiana para controlar Essequibo.

    Likely · Within months

  • Os Estados Unidos aumentarão seu apoio militar e diplomático à Guiana.

    Likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • Como a Guiana responderá aos decretos de incorporação venezuelanos?
  • Qual será a reação da Comunidade do Caribe (CARICOM) e da União de Nações Sul-Americanas (UNASUL)?
  • Os exercícios militares dos EUA na Guiana serão expandidos?
  • Há risco de confronto armado direto entre Venezuela e Guiana?

Related Topics

This article was originally published by G1.

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