Back聯準會利率決策會議在即 市場預期升息以應對高通膨
聯準會利率決策會議在即 市場預期升息以應對高通膨
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中央社1 hour agoBusiness2 min readChinaView translation

聯準會利率決策會議在即 市場預期升息以應對高通膨

聯準會主席華許面臨上任後首場考驗,需在對抗通膨與白宮降息壓力間做出抉擇

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美國聯準會將召開利率決策會議,市場預期在8月CPI年增率達3.4%的情況下,升息1碼機率超過85%。聯準會主席華許面臨川普政府要求降息的壓力,其決策公信力正受到市場密切關注。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

美國8月消費者物價指數年增率為3.4%,持續高於聯準會設定的2%目標。聯準會目前利率區間維持在3.50%至3.75%。

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(中央社華盛頓13日綜合外電報導)美國聯邦準備理事會(Fed)即將召開重要的利率決策會議,市場預期決策官員將升息,以因應居高不下的通膨。分析人士表示,聯準會主席華許的公信力正面臨考驗。

法新社報導,美國這個全球最大經濟體多年來通膨水準持續超出目標。在總統川普(Donald Trump)對伊朗發動戰爭、推出其標誌性關稅政策後,以及人工智慧(AI)熱潮推升下,物價又進一步飆升。

自今年1月以來,聯準會一直維持利率不變,選擇觀察能源價格震盪的影響,並讓關稅對物價的影響在經濟體系中逐步發酵。

然而,近日包括華許(Kevin Warsh)在內的多位聯準會決策官員已暗示,若通膨未明顯降溫,聯準會將不得不透過升息來應對。

11日公布的8月消費者物價指數(CPI)顯示,年增率持平於3.4%,與前一個月相同,但依然遠高於聯準會設定的長期目標2%。

聯準會的聯邦公開市場委員會(FOMC)12名具投票權的成員,將在為期兩天的會議結束後,於16日下午2時(台灣時間17日凌晨2時)公布決策。

受到8月CPI數據帶動,市場對聯準會16日升息1碼(0.25個百分點)的預期大幅攀升,根據芝加哥商品交易所集團(CME Group)的FedWatch,機率超過85%。

聯準會上次升息是在3年前,當時美國正面臨COVID-19(2019冠狀病毒疾病)疫情後通膨飆升的壓力。目前聯準會利率區間為3.50%至3.75%。

自川普展開第2任期以來,他就針對利率問題不斷批評聯準會,並對央行獨立性發動前所未見的攻勢,要求降息以刺激經濟活動。

川普還對前聯準會主席鮑爾(Jerome Powell)發起刑事調查,並試圖撤換另一位聯準會理事,甚至揚言若聯準會升息,就要跟部分國家中斷貿易關係。

華許是由川普提名,分析人士認為,這是他上任以來首場真正的考驗:聯準會是會升息來對抗通膨,抑或是像白宮偏好的那樣維持現狀?

布魯金斯研究所(Brookings Institution)資深研究員魏塞(David Wessel)表示:「這就是考驗。這個職位就該面對這種事,現在他必須決定要如何因應。」

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 聯準會將於16日公布利率決策

    Very likely · Within days

Open Questions

  • 聯準會是否會於16日正式宣布升息?
  • 華許將如何回應白宮對降息的強烈要求?

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This article was originally published by 中央社.

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