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Back防體制盲點!中共強化數位經濟黨建 外送員、網紅有望成21大代表
防體制盲點!中共強化數位經濟黨建 外送員、網紅有望成21大代表
Politics
自由时报22 minutes agoPolitics3 min readChinaView translation

防體制盲點!中共強化數位經濟黨建 外送員、網紅有望成21大代表

北京當局旨在加強對零工經濟勞動者的政治凝聚力,將其納入全國代表大會代表選拔範疇

Quick Look

中共21大代表選舉指導意見發布,首次將外送員、網約車司機及網紅等「新就業群體」納入代表候選人推薦範圍。當局旨在透過黨建工作,加強對零工經濟勞動者的政治引導與凝聚力。

AI-generated summary

Why It Matters

中國零工經濟工作者人數龐大,官方近年致力於在科技企業與物流中心建立黨組織以加強管理。中共21大預計於明年下半年舉行,將選出2360名代表。

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隨著北京當局試圖讓新興勞動群體更貼近官方意識形態,外送員、網約車司機與網路行銷人員(網紅),將首度有機會成為中共5年一度的全國代表大會代表。

將於明年下半年舉行的中共第21次全國代表大會(21大),其代表選舉指導意見已於7日發布。據官媒新華社報導,21大預計將選出2360名代表,他們將從經過審查的候選人名單中,投票選出300多名中央委員會委員與候補委員。

中共中央組織部8日向新華社表示,代表應來自各個領域,包括商業、科技、國防、政法、教育、宣傳、文化、衛生、體育、社會治理,以及「新就業群體」。組織部指出,基層單位在選舉代表時,必須考量產業、領域與地區的平衡,以確保具備來自各行各業的廣泛代表性。

中組部強調:「在新經濟與新商業模式高度發展、新就業形態佔有龐大比例的地區,應推薦這些『新就業群體』中的優秀黨員作為代表候選人。」新華社指出,選好候選人是21大成功的基礎,大會的任務是總結過去5年的工作,並確立黨和國家未來的方向與目標。候選人將由地方黨組織推薦,並在交付表決前經上級機關審查。

泛指零工經濟工作者(gig workers)的「新就業群體」,近年來已進入中國官方詞彙庫。中國官方將其定義為隨著網路與數位經濟興起而出現的工作者,包括高度依賴網路平台運作的外送員、網約車司機與網路行銷人員。

北京日益將這個流動性極高的勞動群體,視為體制上的盲點。透過在科技企業與外送物流中心建立黨組織,當局試圖確保數位經濟的快速成長不會超越政治凝聚力。根據10月29日閉幕的中共20屆五中全會所通過的一份具里程碑意義的文件,中共已誓言加強針對該群體的黨建工作,並呼籲要引導這些群體「聽黨話、跟黨走」。

去年的數據顯示,在中國7.25億的就業人口中,約有8400萬名零工工作者,包括約1200萬名外送員與700萬名網約車司機。

去年10月,中國國務院曾發布一份指導意見,呼籲加大力道「更好地保障這類勞動群體的權益」。該意見敦促加強對這些產業的監管、改善資訊公開,並遏制「內捲」(rat-race)的惡性競爭。

What to Watch

AI outlook — possibilities, not facts

  • 中共21大將選出包含新就業群體代表的中央委員會

    Very likely · Within months

Open Questions

  • 具體入選的代表名單與比例為何?
  • 基層黨組織如何落實對新就業群體的政治審查?

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