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Back黄河“几”字弯新景:特色产业绘就金秋丰收图
黄河“几”字弯新景:特色产业绘就金秋丰收图
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中国新闻网2 days agoAgriculture6 min readChinaView translation

黄河“几”字弯新景:特色产业绘就金秋丰收图

Quick Look

金秋时节,内蒙古巴彦淖尔市河套地区特色作物进入采收季。通过土地流转、订单农业及科技赋能,彩椒、沙棘、洋葱等特色产业不仅带动了当地农民增收,还促进了乌兰布和沙漠的生态治理与产业化发展。

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Why It Matters

巴彦淖尔市依托“统种共富”模式,通过土地流转和订单农业提升种植效益。磴口县作为“三北”工程重点区域,利用光热资源发展沙产业以实现治沙与经济双赢。

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中新网巴彦淖尔10月6日电 题:黄河“几”字弯新景:特色产业绘就金秋丰收图

中新网记者 张林虎

金秋时节,河套大地特色作物陆续进入采收季。在内蒙古巴彦淖尔市,旭光村2200亩洋葱正在采收,继光村彩椒通过订单出口俄罗斯,乌兰布和沙漠边缘的中华小果沙棘首次大面积挂果……特色种植、土地流转和订单销售,正成为当地农民增收的重要渠道。

彩椒出口订单旺

在临河区继光村彩椒种植基地里,红、黄、绿三色彩椒挂满枝头,采摘、分拣、装箱、搬运,一派忙碌景象。今年,全村种植特色彩椒1000余亩,自8月开始采收以来,已累计销售彩椒约600吨,其中70余吨精品彩椒经满洲里口岸空运出口至俄罗斯,300余吨彩椒销往山东、江苏等地。目前,全村彩椒全部实现订单化销售。

“今年彩椒品相好、个头匀,订单早就签好了,不愁卖。”继光村党支部书记王海涛说。

过去,继光村土地零散,村民分散种植,种植效益不高。村里依托“统种共富”模式,统一流转零散闲置土地,引入企业进行规模化、标准化、订单化经营,由企业负责统一种植、管理和销售。

“不用自己投工投劳,土地就能生钱。”村民张五说,土地流转后,村民每年稳定领取租金。目前,全村千余亩彩椒种植土地全部实现规范流转。

王海涛介绍,企业签下出口订单,形成定向种植、采收、外销的闭环产销模式。采收旺季,基地每日用工量超过百人,日薪230元左右,仅彩椒、洋葱两项产业,就带动周边200余名村民务工增收。

“以前农闲时只能待在家里,现在每天来基地摘彩椒,一个月下来收入不比外出打工差。”村民李玉莲说。

沙棘挂果生态兴

在磴口县沙棘种植示范基地,连片沙棘林缀满金黄果实。今年,当地2000亩中华小果沙棘首次迎来大面积挂果,这也是该示范林2024年建设以来首度丰产。

“中华小果沙棘被誉为‘维C之王’,富含沙棘黄酮、多种氨基酸与微量元素,综合开发价值极高。鲜果可加工成原浆、果汁,果皮可入药,籽可榨取高端沙棘油,产业链完整。”项目负责人姜建苹说。

据介绍,基地沙棘产业实行订单定向销售,鲜果收购价每吨达9000元,亩均年经济效益稳定在1000元至2000元。“沙棘兼具乔木与灌木特性,管护成本低、抗逆性强,一次栽植可连续挂果30年,生态固沙效果持久、产业收益稳定,既能防风护沙,又能拓宽村民增收渠道。”磴口县防沙治沙局副局长何文强说。

中国林科院沙漠林业实验中心长期开展沙棘良种筛选、试验驯化与示范推广,培育优良沙棘苗木2000多万株,在全国沙棘种植适生区推广面积达350万亩。

“我们筛选、驯化的蒙中杂交无性系沙棘,耐寒、耐旱、抗逆性好,适应性强,产量高,适宜在沙漠、砒砂岩等贫瘠土地上栽植。”实验中心正高级工程师罗红梅说。

作为“三北”工程黄河“几”字弯攻坚战重点区域,磴口依托乌兰布和沙区独特光热资源,以科技赋能产业治沙。目前,已有90余家企业进驻乌兰布和沙区,发展荒漠中药材、沙漠甜瓜、有机牧草种植和新能源光伏治沙等沙产业,通过产业治沙累计完成生态治理80万亩,沙产业产值突破4亿元。

洋葱采收务工忙

临河区旭光村洋葱种植基地里,成熟的洋葱个头饱满、色泽鲜亮,采收工人穿梭其间,或弯腰采收,或分拣装袋,车辆往来不断。

今年,旭光村洋葱种植面积约2200亩,得益于较好的降水条件,洋葱整体长势良好,个头大、品质优。当地通过土地流转发展规模化特色种植,土地得到更充分利用,也为村民带来了实实在在的收益。目前,土地流转收益每亩每年约1400元,村民通过土地流转和参与务工等方式,每人每年可增收约2万元。

“我来这里采收1个多月了,每天能挣100多元。”来自外地的务工人员阿比么日各说,采摘季,务工人员参与采收,在助农完成农产品抢收的同时,也增加了个人收入。

从一粒种子到满地丰收,特色种植不仅丰富了农户的“菜篮子”,也逐渐成为促进农民增收、带动务工就业的重要载体。

Open Questions

  • 未来沙棘产业链的深加工产能如何进一步扩大?
  • 彩椒出口俄罗斯的物流成本是否具有长期竞争力?

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This article was originally published by 中国新闻网.

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